KONTRIBUSI MAKANAN JAJANAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KECUKUPAN ENERGI DAN PROTEIN SERTA STATUS GIZI DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR : Studi di SD H Isriati dan SDN Bendungan Semarang

Abstract

Background: Elementary-aged children are one of group nutritionally vulnerable because during this age children are in development and growth period thus need more amount nutrition intake. Food consumption as one of the determining factor that influences individual nutritional status can be gained from main food and street food. Street food may have positive impact if children selectively choose street food containing enough nutrition and hygienic. Objective: To describe and analyze the contribution of street food to the level of energy and protein allowance and nutritional status in their relation to the children’s academic achievement at elementary school of SD H Isriati and SDN Bendungan Semarang. Method: A descriptive analytic study with cross sectional approach was conducted to school children of SDN H Isriati and SDN Bendungan Semarang on November-December 2005. Forty eight samples of fifth grade students were chosen by using simple random sampling. Data collected including sex, age, body weight, height, average rapport score, street food in school and main food consumed for 2 days. Analysis consisted of descriptive analysis and inferential analysis using Pearson correlation test. Result: Street food contributed 15.7 %(± 7.36) of level of energy allowance and 11.11 %(± 8.18) of level of protein allowance to elementary school of SDN Bendungan while at SDN H Isriati, street food contributed 10.81 %(± 5.25) of level of energy allowance and 12.82 %(± 6.72) of level of protein allowance. Most of nutritional statuses of the samples were normal, which were 54.17 % at SDN Bendungan and 45.83 % at SD H Isriati. High percentage of obesity status which was 29.17 % found at SD H Isriati. One child (4.17%) was found with malnutrition at SDN Bendungan. Conclusion: Energy contribution of street food positively related to the level of energy allowance, but there was no significant relation between protein contribution of street food and level of protein allowance. Energy and protein contribution of street food positively related to the level of energy and protein allowance of elementary children of SD H Isriati. There was no significant relation between energy and protein contribution of street food to nutritional status of elementary children of SDN Bendungan. Energy and protein contribution of street food, level of energy and protein allowance negatively related to nutritional status of elementary children of SD H Isriati. Level of energy allowance negatively related to nutritional status of elementary children of SDN Bendungan, but there was no significant relation between levels of protein allowance and nutritional status. Level of energy and protein allowance and nutritional status did not significantly related to academic achievements of elementary children of SD H Isriati either SDN Bendungan. Key words: Street food, level of energy and protein allowance, nutritional status, academic achievements, school children.