BAKTEREMIA PADA NEONATUS : HUBUNGAN POLA KUMAN DAN KEPEKAAN TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK INISIAL SERTA FAKTOR RISIKONYA DI BANGSAL BAYI RISIKO TINGGI (BBRT) RS.DR.KARIADI TAHUN 2004

Abstract

Back ground: The fetuses and neonates are very susceptible to infection. Infection continues to be a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality despite advances in therapy. While the results of blood cultere and sensitivity test were not available yet, doctors need to know the bacterial pattern and sensitivity to antibiotic of the most common bacteremia in their circumstance as a guide of initial antibiotic therapy. Doctors also need to know the risk factors which can cause bacteremia to be able to identify neonates at risk of bactermia. The purpose of this study were to provide informations about the relationship between bacteria pattern and initial antibiotic sensitivity and the the risk factors of bacteremia. Methode: Retrospective study. The data which used in this study were taken ramdomly from medical record in High Risk Baby Care Room Dr.Kariadi Hospital in 2004. Statistic analysis used are X2 and logistic regression test by using SPSS 13. Result: The most common bacteria were Psudomonas sp (21,6%) and Enterobacter sp (12,4%). Resistance to ampicillin was 97,4 %, to gentamycin was 80,6% and to cefotaxim 55,6%. There was no differences between Gram(-) and Gram(+) for their sensitifity to initial antibiotics. Premature membrane rupture was the risk factor for inciden of bacteremia in neonates. Prematurty, parity, kongenital anomali, antibiotic initial, invasif prosedure, age, sex and multiple gestation were not proven risk factors of bacteremia. Conclusion: The routine use of ampcillin, gentamycin and cefotaxim as initial antibiotics for bacteremia in High Risk Baby Care Room of Dr.Kariadi Hospital should be reevaluated. Doctors should be aware the risk factors of infection when they care neonates with premature membrane. Keywords: bacteremia, initial antibiotic, high risk neonates.