PENGARUH PAPARAN UAP SULFUR TERHADAP KEJADIAN GINGIVITIS : Studi pada Pekerja Tambang Belerang di Gunung Welirang Kabupaten Pasuruan Jawa Timur

Abstract

Background: Periodontal tissue can be abnormal because of host, microbes and environment interaction. Chemical exposure such as sulphuric gas can affect mouth environment. It has a great effect on gingivitis. One of sulphur deposit is in sulphuric mining. Objectives: To analize the difference of gingiva condition between sulphuric miners that expose sulphuric gas directly and control that was not a sulphuric miners. Methods: This study was an observational study with case control design that carried out on September 2005-March 2006. The case were 27 people who worked as sulphuric miners at Gunung Welirang, Pasuruan, East Java and controls were 27 people who lived around the sulphuric mining. Gingiva Index data collected by direct examination of respondence, classified according to Loe and Sillness Gingiva Index and oral hygiene as confounding factor classified according to Greene and Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). The data were processed with SPSS for Windows using Mann-Whitney and odds ratio with level of significancy 0,05. Result: Gingival index 27 people sulphuric miners there were 4 people (14,8%) with mild gingivitis and 23 people (85,2%) with moderate/severe gingivitis. Whereas from 27 people control samples there were 20 people (74,1%) with mild gingivitis and 7 people (25,9%) with moderate/severe gingivitis. Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a significant difference between case and control group (p<0,001). Odds ratio 16,4 for positive sulphuric acid exposure. Conclusion: This study showed that sulfuric acid exposure is a significant risk factor of moderate/severe gingivitis. People with sulfuric acid exposure has 16,4 times more chance to suffer moderate/severe gingivitis than people without sulphuric acid exposure. Keyword: gingivitis, sulphuric acid