KEMAMPUAN KARBONAKTIF SEKAM KULIT KOPI DALAM PENURUNAN KADAR AIR SUNGAI WAY KURIPAN BANDAR LAMPUNG

Abstract

Air sungai merupakan salah satu bentuk air permukaan yang digunakan sebagai sumber air bersih untuk memenuhi keperluan sehari-hari meskipun seringkalidari segi estetika dan kesehatan belum memenuhi persyaratan, untuk mengatasinya perlu pengolahan air yang memadahi, salah satu cara yaitu dengan adsorpsi karbon aktif. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan awal pada penelitian diketahui kadar warna air sungai Way Kuripan Bandar Lampung mencapai 92 TCU Tingginya kadar warnaair sungai tersebut dikarenakan kandungan asam humat dan zat-zat organik pengompleks dan bila kondisi ini dibiarkan akan dapat mengganggu kesehatan kususnya masyarakat kelurahan Kuripan yang menggunakan air sungai tersebut untuk keperluan sehari-hari. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan penurunan kadar warna air sungai Way Kuripan dengan variasi perbedaan ketebalan karbon aktif sekam kulit kopi. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis Explanatorry research yaitu menjelaskan adanya hubungan antara variabel melalui pengujian hipotesa dengan rancangan Post Test Control Group Design, sebagai variabel independen adalah ketebalan karbon aktif sekam kulit kopi dan analisis menggunakan one way anova dan least Segnifficant Difference. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rerata kadar warna air sungai setelah perlakuan terjadi penurunan yaitu ketebalan media 70cm 31,5 TCU, Ketebalan media 90cm 25,66 TCU dan ketebalan media 110cm 19 TCU. Berdasarkan uji one way anaova didapatkan hasil yang berbeda nyata pada tingkat signifikansi (alfa) 5% dengan probabilitas 0,0001, besar penurunan antara 65,30% sampai dengan 78,98%. Pengaruh penurunan kadar warna ini disebabakan terbukanya pori-pori sekamkulit kopi yang telah diaktifkan (dipanaskan), sehingga terjadi proses adsorpsi secara fisik karena adanya gaya van der wall. Penurunan kadar warna air sungai dari hasil penelitian bervariasi semakin tebal semakin tinggi penurunannya. Hasil tersebut telah memenuhi standar kualitas air bersih Permenkes 416 Tahun 1990 maksimal yang diperbolehkan 50 TCU. Adanya penurunan kadar warna air sungai Way Kuripan Bandar Lampung tersebut diharapkan menjadi alternatif pengolahan air sungai Way Kuripan, dengan menggunakan karbon aktif sekam kulit kopi sebagai bahan adsorbent dengan ketebalan media 110cm. Kata Kunci: Karbon aktif, sekam kulit kopi, Kadar warna. THE ABILITY OF ACTIVE CARBON FROM THE COFFEE'S HULL IN DECREASING COLOUR'S DEGREE OF WAY KURIPAN RIVER BANDAR LAMPUNG 2004 River water is sort of water surface which is used as a source of clean to fulfill the daily needs although it often has not comply the aesthetics and health requirements yet, to overcome it we need sufficient water treatment, one of them is by using active carbon adsorption. Based on the early examination of the research known that the colour's degree of Way Kuripan river Bandar Lampung reached 92 TCU. The high level of the colour's degree of the river is caused by it contain humat acid and complex organics material and if this condition is being neglected it can disturb the health condition especially for the people live in Kelurahan Kuripan who use the river's water for their daily needs. While the aim of this research is to obtain the ability to decrease the colour's degree of Way Kuripan river with the different variation of active carbon thickness from the coffee's hull. This risearch is an Explanatory research which explains the correlation of varables through hypothetic test with the Post Test Control Group Design,as the independent variable is the active carbon coffee's hull thickness and analysis using one way anova and least Segnifficant Difference. The result shows that the river's water colour's degree average decreasing after the experiment done that is 31.5 TCU for the media thickness 110cm. Based on one way anova test found a totally different result at the significance degree (alfa) 5% with probability 0,0001, the decreasing is around 65,30% until 78,98%. The decreasing of the colour's degree is caused by the pores of the coffee's hull which has been activated (heated) are van der walls force. The decreasing of the colour's degree from the research's result varies thicker media the bigger declination. The result fulfill the quality standard of clean water based on Permenkes 416 Tahun 1990 which note that the maximum degree permitted is 50 TCU. The decreasing of the colour's degree of the Way Kuripan river can be wished to become the alternative way of Way Kuripan river water treatment, by using the active carbon from the coffee's hull as an adsorbent with the media thickness is 110cm. Keyword : Active carbon, coffee's hull, the colour's degree