UJI DAYA ANTHELMINTIK PERASAN RIMPANG Curcuma heyneana (TEMU GIRING) TERHADAP CACING Ascaridia galli SECARA IN VITRO

Abstract

ANTHELMINTIC POTENCY TEST OF TEMU GIRING (Curcuma heyneana) SQUEEZE TO Ascaridia galli WORM IN VITRO Nur Asri1, Noor Wijayahadi2 Background: Curcuma heyneana root or known by Indonesian as temu giring, is usually used as traditional treatment, for example as anthelmintic. Anthelmintic effect of temu giring root is from monoterpen and sesquiterpen which is contained in essential oil of temu giring root. The purpose of this research was to prove the effect of temu giring squeeze to Ascaridia galli in vitro compared with piperazine citrate solution as positive control and NaCl 0,9% solution as negative control. Methods: This in vitro research was an experimental research with post test only control group design. The samples were 234 Ascaridia galli worms, which were divided into 3 groups. The first group was squeeze of temu giring with 10%, 25%, 50%, 60%, 75%, and 100% concentrations. The second group was piperazine citrate solutions in 0,2%, 0,3%, 0,4%, 0,5, 0,6%, and 0,7% concentrations as positive control. The third group was NaCl 0,9% solutions as negative control. Each group was triple replicated. The volume of sample administered was 25 ml for each petri dish containing 6 worms. Each petri dish was incubated at 37oC, and then observed and recorded every single hour for the total dead and or paralyzed worms. LC50 and LT50 of temu giring root squeeze as anthelmintic was calculated using probit anlaysis method. Treatment and control group data was analyzed by the differences test, using SPSS 13.0 for Window, with significant level p<0,05. Results: Probit analysis showed that LC50 and LT50 of temu giring root (Curcuma heyneana) squeeze were 11,63681%, and 2 hours 55 minutes 40,5 seconds. Mann-Whitney test showed that treatment and positive control group had significant difference (p<0,05) to negative control group. Treatment group of 100% concentration had significant difference (p<0,05) to all positive control groups. While treatment group of 10%, 25%, 50%, 60% and 75% concentration had no significant difference (p>0,05) to piperazine citrate solution 0,7%. Conclusion: Temu giring (Curcuma heyneana) root squeeze has anthelmintic effect to Ascaridia galli worm. Key Words: Anthelmintik, Ascaridia galli, Curcuma heyneana. UJI DAYA ANTHELMINTIK PERASAN TEMU GIRING (Curcuma heyneana) TERHADAP CACING Ascaridia galli SECARA IN VITRO Nur Asri1, Noor Wijayahadi2 Latar belakang: Rimpang Curcuma heyneana atau dikenal oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai temu giring banyak digunakan untuk pengobatan tradisional, salah satunya sebagai obat cacing. Efek anthelmintik rimpang temu giring berasal dari zat monoterpen, sesquiterpen yang terkandung dalam minyak atsiri rimpang tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan daya anthelmintik perasan rimpang temu giring terhadap cacing Ascaridia galli dievaluasi dengan larutan piperazin sitrat sebagai kontrol positif dan larutan NaCl 0,9% sebagai kontrol negatif. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain post test only control group. Sampelnya 234 cacing Ascaridia galli, dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok. Kelompok pertama perasan rimpang temu giring dengan konsentrasi 10%, 25%, 50%, 60%, 75%, dan 100%. Kelompok kedua larutan piperazin sitrat dalam konsentrasi 0,2%, 0,3%, 0,4%, 0,5, 0,6%, dan 0,7% sebagai kontrol positif. Kelompok ketiga larutan NaCl 0,9% sebagai kontrol negatif. Masing-masing kelompok direplikasi 3 kali. Volume yang diberikan adalah 25 ml untuk tiap cawan petri berisi 6 ekor cacing. Setiap cawan petri diinkubasi pada suhu 37oC, diamati dan dicatat setiap jamnya jumlah cacing yang mati dan atau paralisis. LC50 dan LT50 perasan rimpang temu giring dihitung menggunakan metode analisis probit. Data kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol dianalisis dengan uji beda, menggunakan SPSS 13.0 for Windows, taraf signifikasi p<0,05. Hasil: Dari hasil analisis probit diperoleh harga LC50 dan LT50 perasan rimpang temu giring (Curcuma heyneana) adalah 11,63681%, dan 2 jam 55 menit 40,5 detik. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan bahwa kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol positif mempunyai perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) terhadap kelompok kontrol negatif. Kelompok perlakuan konsentrasi 100% menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) terhadap semua konsentrasi kontrol positif. Kelompok perlakuan konsentrasi 10%, 25%, 50%, 60%, dan 75% tidak mempunyai perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0,05) terhadap larutan piperazine sitrat konsentrasi 0,7%. Kesimpulan: Perasan rimpang temu giring (Curcuma heyneana) mempunyai daya anthelmintik terhadap cacing Ascaridia galli secara in vitro. Kata kunci: Anthelmintik, Ascaridia galli, Curcuma heyneana