BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PREVALENSI CACING PARASIT USUS PADA ANAK-ANAK SD NEGERI METAWANA DAN SOKARAJA KECAMATAN PAGENTAN KABUPATEN BANJARNEGARA TAHUN 2004

Abstract

Infeksi cacing usus terutama yang tergolong soil transmitted helminthes di daerah tropis, seperti Indonesia masih merupakan penyakit rakyat dengan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi. Prevalens pada anak lebih tinggi karena mereka belum mengerti benararti kesehatan. Anak usia sekolah dasar masih suka bermain di tanah yang kemungkinan besar telah terkontaminasi telur cacing akibat pembuangan tinja di sembarng tempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan cakupan sarana pembuangan tinja dengan prevalensi cacing parasit usus pada anak-anak di SD Negeri Metawana dan Sokaraja Kecamatan Pagentan Kabupaten Banjarnegara. Metode yng dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi semua anak SD di Desa Metawana dan Sokaraja, jumlah sampel keseluruhan 138, yang terbagi menjadi dua desa yaitu Desa Metewana 66 sampel dan Desa Sokaraja 72 sampel, teknik pengambilan sampel secara simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuisioner, dianalisa menggunakan statistik chi square dengan alfa = 0,05. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan prevalensi penyakit cacing parasit usus pada anak-anak sekolah dasar di SD NEgeri Metawana adalah (89,4%)jenisnya Ascaris lumbricoides ( 51,5%). Tricuris trichiura (9,1%), infeksi campuran (28,8%). Sedangakan di SD Negeri Sokaraja (27,8%), jenisnya Ascaris lumbricoides (22,2%), Tricuris trichiura (4,2%), infeksi campuran (1,4%). Cakupan jamban di Desa Metawana 16,6% sedangkan di Desa Sokaraja 56,94%. Uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan cakupan jamban dengan proporsi kecacingan anak SD (p=0,01, nilai RP=3,07 dan 95 Cl = 2,30-4,71. Dari besarnya prevalensi tersebut disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yang diantaranya masih banyak masyarakat yang membuang tinja di sembarang tempat, tidak mencuci tangan dengan sabun sebelum makan, tidak menggunakan sendok waktu makan dan tidak menggunakan sarana air bersih yang memenuhi syarat kesehatan. Untuk menurunkan prevalensi kecacingan di Desa Metawana dan Sokarajan disarankan perlunya diadakan penyuluhan secara terus menerus untuk meningkatkan cakupan pembuangan tinja yang sehat, perlu peningkatan kebersihan perorangan. Kata Kunci: Cakupan sarana pembuangan tinja, prevalensi kecacingan THE RELATION SHIT BETWEEN FACTORS WITH PREVALENCE OF INTESTINE PARASITE WORM ELEMENTARY STUDENT IN ELEMENTARY DISTRICT SCHOOL IN METAWANA AND SOKARAJA PAGENTAN Infection of intestine worm mainly for soil transmitted helminthes category in tropical region, such as Indonesia is still being common diseases with has high prevalence. Prevalence that happened in children is higher, because they are do not has the right knowledge about meaning of healthy. they used to play in the ground, that maybe has big probability contaminated by eggs of worm caused feces banishment in unexpected places. The destination of this research is to analysize the relation between scope of feces banishment of SDN Metawana and Sokaraja, Pagentan, Banjarnegara. The used method in this research is analytical method, by cross sectional plans. The number of students at SDN Metawana and SDN II Sokaraja is about 138 that be taken as the sample, and they are separated into two group, the first is Metawana which has 66 sample and the second is Sokaraja which has 72 sample. And the method that be used to take the sample random sampling. And the result file be collected by the questioner, and then be analyzed using statistic chi square with alfa = 0,05. The result of this research showed prevalence of intestine parasite worm disease at the children in SDN Metawana is about 89,4% and the kid of intestine parasite worm disease are;i>Ascaris lumbricoides ( 51,5%). Tricuris trichiura (9,1%)combination infection (28,8%). And in SDN Sokaraja is about 27,8%, the kind of intestine parasite worm disease are;i>Ascaris lumbricoides (22,2%), Tricuris trichiura (4,2%)combination infection (1,4%). The scope of toilet in Metawana district is about 16,6% an Sokaraja district is about 56.94%. Statistic test showed there are the relation between toilet scope with proportion of worming disease for basic elementary student (p=0,01, Rp=3,07 and 95 , Cl=2,30-4,71). From the result of research, could be taken the conclution that the prevalence could be caused by any factor such as; the most of population still throwing the faces in wherever they wants, they did not washing their hands by the soap or cleaner before they it something and they did not used the clean water that compatible according the healthy rule. In order to decrease the worming prevalence in Metawana district and Sokaraja district be suggested to do commissioning, properly and continually. And to increse the scope of higgins faces banisment is required to increase the individual purity. Keyword : Banishment facility, prevalence