PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JUS TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) TERHADAP MORFOLOGI SPERMATOZOA MENCIT STRAIN Balb/c JANTAN YANG DIPAPAR ASAP ROKOK

Abstract

The Effect of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) Juice on Male Balb/c Spermatozoa Morphology Exposed with Cigarette Smoke Iffah Zulfa*), Juwono**) Background : Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were considered toxic to spermatozoa. Excessive ROS generation can overwhelm protective mechanism of endogenous antioxidants, inducing severe functional disorder of sperm and leading to male infertility. Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill), due to its antioxidant activity, offers protection against that toxic effect. The study was aimed to prove whether tomato juice could decrease the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm of male Balb/c mice exposed with cigarette smoke. Method : This experimental research was a post test only control group design on 27 Balb/c male mice, divided randomly into four groups (K-, K+, P1, P2). Each group was given standard diet. K+, P1, P2 were exposed with cigarette smoke for 30 second/day. P1 and P2 each also received 1.7 and 3.5 gr/day of tomato juice for 53 days. On 54th day, all mice were terminated. Data were collected from sperm morphology and were analyzed using SPSS 13.00 for windows along with Oneway Anova test. Significant level was accepted when p<0.05. Result : Mean level of morphologically abnormal sperm of four groups were 36,78±6,59; 52.50±3.56 ; 33.39±4.02 ; 45.50±4.46. There were significant differences between K- vs K+ (p=0.00), K+ vs P1 (p=0.00), K+ vs P2(p=0.00), and P1 vs P2 (p=0.00). Conclusion : Tomato juice (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) supplementation can decrease the percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm of male Balb/c mice exposed with cigarette smoke. Decreasing was higher at the dose 1.7 gr/day than 3.5 gr/day. Keywords : Reactive oxygen species, Lycopersicum esculentum Mill, Sperm morphology. Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) Terhadap Morfologi Spermatozoa Mencit Balb/c Jantan yang Dipapar Asap Rokok Iffah Zulfa*), Juwono* *) Latar Belakang : Reactive oxygen species (ROS) dianggap toksik terhadap spermatozoa. Produksi ROS yang berlebihan dapat mengganggu mekanisme perlindungan antioksidan dalam tubuh sehingga fungsi spermatozoa terganggu dan menyebabkan infertilitas pria. Tomat (L. esculentum Mill) mengandung senyawa dengan aktivitas antioksidan kuat sehingga mampu melindungi spermatozoa dari efek toksik ROS. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuktikan apakah jus tomat dapat menurunkan persentase abnormalitas morfologi spermatozoa mencit Balb/c jantan yang dipapar asap rokok. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan post test only control group design. Subyek penelitian adalah 27 ekor mencit Balb/c jantan yang dibagi acak menjadi empat kelompok (K-,K+,P1,P2). Tiap kelompok diberikan pakan standar. K+, P1, P2 dipapar asap rokok selama 30 detik/hari. P1 dan P2 masing-masing juga mendapatkan jus tomat dengan dosis 1,7 dan 3,5 gram/hari selama 53 hari. Hari ke-54 mencit diterminasi dan diambil data morfologi spermatozoa. Data dianalisa dengan SPSS 13.00 for windows dan uji oneway Anova, perbedaan dianggap bermakna jika p<0,05. Hasil : Rerata persentase morfologi spermatozoa abnormal pada empat kelompok berturut-turut adalah 36,78±6,59; 52,50±3,56 ; 33,39±4,02 ; 45,50±4,46. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara K- dengan K+ (p=0,00), K+ dengan P1 (p=0,00), K+ dengan P2 (p=0,00), dan P1 dengan P2 (p=0,00). Kesimpulan : Pemberian jus tomat dapat menurunkan persentase abnormalitas morfologi spermatozoa mencit Balb/c jantan yang dipapar asap rokok. Dosis jus tomat 1,7 mg/hari menyebabkan penurunan yang lebih besar dibandingkan dosis 3,5 mg/hari. Kata kunci : Morfologi spermatozoa, Reactive oxygen species, Jus tomat.