RATU KALINYAMAT : RATU JEPARA YANG PEMBERANI

Abstract

Ratu Kalinyamat or Queen of Jepara was women Indonesian figure who had important role in politic and economic activities in Nusantara in the 16th century. She had original name was Retno Kencono. She was daughter of Sultan Trenggana, king of Demak Kingdom who ruled in the medium of 16th century. In 1544 Sultan Trenggana sent Ratu Kalinyamat to asked support from King Banten for territorial expansion of Demak Kingdom in East Java. Ratu Kalinyamat ruled in Jepara since 1549, changed her husband, Pangeran Hadiri, as king of Jepara. In 1551 she sent military expedition to helped King of Johor attacked Portugis in Malaka. In 1574 she sent military expedition again to drived away Portugis in Malaka fort helped King of Aceh. As long as ruled in Jepara she developed Jepara as international harbor successfully. She also pioneered carving as the specific art of Jepara, after that it’s become important economic activity in Jepara. Ratu Kalinyamat died in 1579