KAJIAN DAMPAK MANGAN LIMDAH TAPIOKA DI SUNGAI SUATU DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS AIR TAMBAK DI DESA BULUMANIS KIDUL KABUPATEN DATI II PATI JAWA TENGAH

Abstract

The aim of the research was to find out the impact of tapioca waste on the Suatu river and its influence on the water quality of brackish water pond on Bulumanis Kidul village which is matched with the water quality criteria for shrimp clan milkfish culture; and diversity index of macrobenthos, The research was a case study by employing "purposive sampling" method. There were ten stations which four were for the river and six were for the braokishwater ponds. Descriptive analysis was performed to figure out the relationships between the environmental parameters (chemical, physical and biological parameters) and (1) the water quality requirements for shrimp and milkfish Culture (2) the degree of pollution criteria according to Lee at al. (1978) and Schmitz (1970).The result indicated that (1) the impacts of tapioca waste in the river may be identified by the presence of strong odour, black colour, and high turbidity of the water;(') the degree of pollution has reached the medium to heavy levels. That was represented by the high levels of BOD, Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Sulfide and ammonia, with the exception of low concentration of oxygen; (3) the influence of Suatu river on the brackishwater ponds was not significantly clear. Some parameters such as BOD, COD, SPM, sulfide, phosphate, nitrate, may be influenced by the river. However, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia and nitrite were independently not influenced by the river; (4) based on the diversity index of benthos, the brackishwater ponds surrounding the river was polluted at the medium to heavy levels. It was concluded that Suatu river has not been suitable for water source of brackishwater ponds and its surrounding including the ponds at the Bulumanis Kidul village. Peneiitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui dampak buangan iimbah tapioka terhadap sungai Suatu dan pengaruhnya tethadap kualitas air tambak di desa Bulumanis Kidul Ailihat dart indek diversitas/keanekaraganman benthos dan persyaratan kualitas air untuk budidaya udang dan bandeng. Studi kasus dengan menggunakan metoda sampel "Purposive Random Samplling" diaplikasikan dalam penelitian int. Untuk menggambarkan populasi, 10 stasiun (4 terletak di sungai Suatu dan 6 di petak pertambakan) ditentukan. Analisa deskriptif dilakukan antara tolok ukur kimia, fisika dan biologi di setiap lokasi penelitian dengan kriteria persyaratan kualitas air untuk udang dan tanibak, serta kriteria derajat penoemaran dan i Lee et al (1978) dan Schimtz (1970). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Dampak limbah tapioka terhadap sungai suatu dapat ditunjukkan . dengan adanya hau busuk dan warna hitam dari air, serta tingkat kekeruhan yang tinggi. (2) Kualitas air sungai Suatutelah menoapai derajat p-ncemaran sedang sampai dengan berat. Ini ditunjukkan dengan tingginya nilai BUD, MPt H2S dan ammonia, serta rendahnya oksigen terlarut. (3) Pengaruh sungai suatu terhadap kualitas air tambak tidaklah begitu nyata. Beberapa parameter seperti BOD, COD, MPT,It S, fosfat dan nitrat diduga dipengaruhi club sungai suatu. Akan tetapi temperatur, pH, oksigen terlarut, ammonia dan nitrit boleh dikatakan tidak ada pengaruhnya. (4) Berdasarkan indek keanekaragaman benthos, tambak di sekitar sungai Suatu sudah tercemar pada derajat sedang-berat. Oleh karena itu seyogyanya sungai. Suatu tidak dipergunakan lagi sebagai sumber air/pasok untuk tambak di sekitarnya, termasuk pertambakan Desa Bulumanis Kidni.