FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO ULKUS DIABETIKA PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS (Studi Kasus di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta)

Tri Hastuti, Rini (2008) FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO ULKUS DIABETIKA PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS (Studi Kasus di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta). Masters thesis, PROGRAM PASCA SARJANA UNIVERSITAS DIPONEGORO.

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Abstract

Background : Based on with the high prevalence and treatment cost for Diabetic ulcer spent three times fund compared with diabetic patients without ulcer, it was estimated nearly Rp. 43,5 million for patients every year, therefore it needed effort to prevent and control the disease. If Diabetic ulcer do not immediately get treated, it will be easily getting infection, furthermore need amputation. To prevent and to cope with increase of Diabetic ulcer cases, the public and the government should know the risk factors that could be able to influence the emergence of Diabetic ulcer. Objectives : to prove non modifiable risk factors and modifiable risk factors which influence the emergence of Diabetic ulcer in Diabetes mellitus patients. Method : This is an observasional analysis research with a case control study design. The number of samples were 72 peoples with 36 cases and 36 controls. Cases group consist of Diabetic ulcer patients and control of Diabetes mellitus patients in RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. The data analysis were univariate, bivariate and multivariate. Result : The prevalence of Diabetic ulcer at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta in 2005 until 2006 increased from 2,6% into 3,2%. The non modifiable risk factors and modifiable risk factors with simultaneously have impact to the emergence of Diabetic ulcer are the length of DM suffering ≥ 10 tahun (OR=21,3; 95%CI=2,3-37,7), total colesterol level ≥ 200 mg/dl (OR=14,4; 95%CI=1,1-54,1), HDL level ≤ 45 mg/dl (OR=19,3; 95%CI=2,4-44,9), not obedient diet DM (OR=17,5; 95%CI=1,2-46,9), exercise activities which less than 3 times a week for 30 minutes each (OR=18,4; 95%CI=2,4-42,4), irregular the foot care (OR=16,9; 95%CI=1,2-51,7) and footgear usaged of the poor (OR=15,2; 95%CI=1,4-50,7). Conclusion : Risk factors of Diabetic ulcer are the length of DM suffering ≥ 10 tahun, total colesterol level ≥ 200 mg/dl, HDL level ≤ 45 mg/dl, not obedient diet DM, exercise activities which less than 3 times a week for 30 menutes each, irregular the foot care, footgear usaged of the poor, and then giving contribution by together to Diabetic ulcer equal to 99,9 %. Suggestion : To the health institution should has improving information the risk factors that could be able to influence the emergence of Diabetic ulcer and routine monitoring of Diabetic ulcer prevalence. To the society should do preventive effort risk factor of Diabetic ulcer. Latar belakang : Mengingat tingginya prevalensi dan biaya perawatan penderita ulkus diabetika yang menghabiskan dana 3 kali lebih banyak dibandingkan DM tanpa ulkus dan diperkirakan memerlukan biaya sebesar Rp. 43,5 juta per tahun per penderita, maka perlu adanya upaya untuk pencegahan dan penanggulangan penyakit tersebut. Ulkus diabetika apabila tidak segera mendapatkan perawatan, mudah terjadi infeksi lebih lanjut memerlukan tindakan amputasi. Untuk mencegah dan menanggulangi timbulnya ulkus diabetika maka masyarakat maupun pemerintah perlu mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko ulkus diabetika. Tujuan : Membuktikan ada faktor risiko yang tidak dapat diubah dan dapat diubah terhadap kejadian ulkus diabetika pada penderita Diabetes mellitus. Metode : Jenis penelitian adalah observasional analitik, dengan desain case control study. Jumlah sampel 72 orang terdiri 36 kasus (penderita DM dengan ulkus diabetika) dan 36 kontrol (penderita DM tanpa ulkus diabetika) di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil : Prevalensi ulkus diabetika di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta pada tahun 2005 sebesar 2,6% meningkat 2006 menjadi 3,2%. Faktor tidak dapat diubah dan dapat diubah yang secara bersama-sama terbukti sebagai faktor risiko ulkus diabetika adalah lama DM ≥ 10 tahun (OR=21,3; 95%CI=2,3-37,7), kadar kolesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl (OR=14,4; 95%CI=1,1-54,1), kadar HDL ≤ 45 mg/dl (OR=19,3; 95%CI=2,4- 44,9), ketidakpatuhan diet DM (OR=17,5; 95%CI=1,2-46,9), kurangnya latihan fisik (OR=18,4; 95%CI=2,4-42,4), perawatan kaki tidak teratur (OR=16,9; 95%CI=1,2- 51,7) dan penggunaan alas kaki tidak tepat (OR=15,2; 95%CI=1,4-50,7). Kesimpulan : Faktor risiko ulkus diabetika adalah lama DM ≥ 10 tahun, kadar kolesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl, kadar HDL ≤ 45 mg/dl, ketidakpatuhan diet DM, kurangnya latihan fisik, perawatan kaki tidak teratur dan penggunaan alas kaki tidak tepat dengan memberikan sumbangan terhadap ulkus diabetika sebesar 99,9 %. Saran : Bagi institusi kesehatan agar meningkatkan informasi tentang pencegahan terhadap faktor risiko ulkus diabetika dan monitoring prevalensi ulkus diabetika. Bagi masyarakat agar melaksanakan upaya pencegahan berbagai macam faktor risiko terjadinya ulkus diabetika.

Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Epidemiology
ID Code:18866
Deposited By:Mr UPT Perpus 5
Deposited On:05 Aug 2010 12:04
Last Modified:05 Aug 2010 12:04

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