ANALISIS PAPARAN BENZENA TERHADAP PROFIL DARAH PADA PEKERJA INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN MINYAK BUMI

RAMON, AGUS (2007) ANALISIS PAPARAN BENZENA TERHADAP PROFIL DARAH PADA PEKERJA INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN MINYAK BUMI. Masters thesis, program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

Benzene, known as carcinogenic in human, is one of the products by petroleum refinery industry in Cilacap, Indonesia. The concentration in the workplace about 0.383 – 0.506 ppm, and the inhalation doses which assessed by Organic Vapour Monitor 0,006 - 0,986 ppm (mean 0,460 ppm with standard of deviasi 2,807 ppm). Because it concentration measured above of standard The Action Level by OSHA ( 2003) that is 0,5 ppm, the 80 employees were the population at risk when were exposure in long duration. The Research Design is a cross-sectional design and 60 samples were used in this research. Variable perceived is benzene rate of Organic Vapour Monitor as dependent variable, haematology profile were haemoglobin, erythrocyte, haematocryt, volume corpuscular mean ( MCV), haemoglobin corpuscular mean (MCH), concentrate haemoglobin corpuscular mean ( MCHC), thrombocyt and leukocyte as independent variable and Body Mass Index, smoking habit and working years as confounding variable. The Result of this research showed that there was significant correlation of dependent variable benzene from OVM with haematology profile for independent variable for Haemoglobin ( p=0,000), Red Blood Cell ( and p=0,014) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ( p=0,002), and there is no significant correlation for all confounding variable : Body Mass Index, smoking habit and working years. Result of analysis of logistics regression indicate that benzene rate of OVM ( > 0,5 ppm) have potential effect on Haemoglobin ( p=0,000; OR=11,510), Red Blood Cell (p=0,008; OR=5,245) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ( p=0,001; OR=0,133). From this research can be concluded, that benzene exposure > 0.5 ppm, representing the risk factors to haematology profile (rate of Haemoglobin, rate of Red Blood Cell and rate of Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin). So that medical surveillance conducted continously every year is necessary to minimize and prevent the effect of low level benzene exposure. Benzena, telah dikenal sebagai zat karsinogenik pada manusia, merupakan salah satu produk yang dihasilkan oleh suatu perusahaan penyulingan minyak bumi di Cilacap, Indonesia. Kadar benzena di lingkungan kerja yang terukur ada dalam kisaran 0,383 – 0,506, sedangkan dosis inhalasai yang terukur menggunakan Organic Vapour Monitor adalah 0,006 – 0,986 ppm (rata-rata 0,460 ppm dengan standar deviasi 2,807 ppm). Karena kadarnya melampaui standar Action Level oleh OSHA (2003) yaitu 0,5 ppm, maka 80 orang karyawan merupakan populasi yang berisiko apabila terpapar benzen dalam jangka waktu lama. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalan Desain Potong Lintang (Cross Sectional) dengan sampel sebanyak 60 orang. Variabel yang diamati adalah kadar benzena OVM sebagai variabel bebas, profil darah (haemoglobin, eritrosit, hematokrit, mean cospular volume (MCV), mean cospular haemoglobin (MCH), mean cospular haemoglobin concentrat (MCHC), leukosit dan trombosit) sebagai variabel terikat dan Indeks Massa Tubuh, kebiasaan merokok dan masa kerja sebagai variabel perancu. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara variable bebas kadar benzena OVM dengan profil darah untuk variabel terikat kadar Haemoglobin (p=0,000), Red Blood Cell (p=0,014) dan Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (p=0,002), dan ditemukan hubungan yang tidak bermakna untuk semua variabel perancu yaitu Indeks Massa Tubuh, kebiasaan merokok dan masa kerja. Hasil analisis regesi logistik menunjukkan bahwa kadar benzena OVM ( >0,5 ppm) berpotensial berpengaruh terhadap kadar Haemoglobin (p=0,000; OR=11,510), Red Blood Cell (p=0,008; OR=5,245) dan Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (p=0,001; OR=0,133). Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa paparan benzena ( > 0,5 ppm), merupakan sumber utama terjadinya gangguan terhadap profil darah berupa gangguan terhadap kadar Haemoglobin, kadar Red Blood Cell dan gangguan kadar Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin. Sehingga surveilen medis tetap perlu dilaksanakan minimal setahun sekali untuk mencegah efek yang merugikan dari paparan benzena.

Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:H Social Sciences > HV Social pathology. Social and public welfare
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Environmental Health
ID Code:18826
Deposited By:Mr UPT Perpus 1
Deposited On:05 Aug 2010 09:31
Last Modified:05 Aug 2010 09:31

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