ANALISIS PAPARAN BENZENA TERHADAP PROFIL DARAH PADA PEKERJA INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN MINYAK BUMI

Abstract

ABSTRACT Agus Ramon The Analysis of Benzene Exposure to Haematology Profile on Worker of Oil Refinery Industry. xvi + 100 pages + 48 tables + 8 figures + 9 appendix. Benzene, known as carcinogenic in human, is one of the products by petroleum refinery industry in Cilacap, Indonesia. The concentration in the workplace about 0.383 – 0.506 ppm, and the inhalation doses which assessed by Organic Vapour Monitor 0,006 - 0,986 ppm (mean 0,460 ppm with standard of deviasi 2,807 ppm). Because it concentration measured above of standard The Action Level by OSHA ( 2003) that is 0,5 ppm, the 80 employees were the population at risk when were exposure in long duration. The Research Design is a cross-sectional design and 60 samples were used in this research. Variable perceived is benzene rate of Organic Vapour Monitor as dependent variable, haematology profile were haemoglobin, erythrocyte, haematocryt, volume corpuscular mean ( MCV), haemoglobin corpuscular mean (MCH), concentrate haemoglobin corpuscular mean ( MCHC), thrombocyt and leukocyte as independent variable and Body Mass Index, smoking habit and working years as confounding variable. The Result of this research showed that there was significant correlation of dependent variable benzene from OVM with haematology profile for independent variable for Haemoglobin ( p=0,000), Red Blood Cell ( and p=0,014) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ( p=0,002), and there is no significant correlation for all confounding variable : Body Mass Index, smoking habit and working years. Result of analysis of logistics regression indicate that benzene rate of OVM ( > 0,5 ppm) have potential effect on Haemoglobin ( p=0,000; OR=11,510), Red Blood Cell (p=0,008; OR=5,245) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin ( p=0,001; OR=0,133). From this research can be concluded, that benzene exposure > 0.5 ppm, representing the risk factors to haematology profile (rate of Haemoglobin, rate of Red Blood Cell and rate of Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin). So that medical surveillance conducted continously every year is necessary to minimize and prevent the effect of low level benzene exposure. Key words : benzene, haematology profile, Oil Refinery Industry. Bibliography : 28 (1986 – 2007)