PENYUSUNAN ZONASI BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN DENGAN PEMODELAN SPASIAL BERBASIS SEL DI PERAIRAN TIWORO KEPULAUAN, KABUPATEN MUNA SULAWESI TENGGARA

Abstract

The excessive and irresponsible marine resources exploitation causes the increase and expansion of bio-geophysical and environmental degradations at the coastal waters of Tiworo Kepulauan. Parallel to the government’s policy through the Presidential Decree No. 23 Year 1982 concerning the Development of marine culture, was the alternative of a problem solving measure for the region. The main factors of success and continuation of marine culture business are the suitability level and site-selection and the efforts in avoiding conflicts on the use at the area. The objective of the research was to analyze the marine culture level of suitability of the waters of Tiworo Kepulauan spatially for the purpose of marine culture zonation. The survey method employed field measurement with the emphasis in this research on the variable values the parameter of water qualities that influences greatly on the activities of grouper culture, sea weed culture, and pearls oyster culture. The obtained output was the cell-based spatial analysis result utilizing SIG software. Based on the scoring result for the feasibility level of the location for grouper culture, sea weed culture, and pearls oyster culture, the potential area for culture locations can be divided as follows; 979 hectares for fish culture, 851 hectares for sea weed culture, and 1096 hectares for oyster culture; thus, in general, the acquired area of marine culture zone at the waters of Tiworo Kepulauan as much 1.434 hectares or about 7.39% of the research site area. Eksploitasi perairan laut yang berlebihan dan tidak bertanggung jawab menyebabkan semakin berkembang dan meluasnya degradasi bio-geofisik dan lingkungan di pesisir perairan Tiworo Kepulauan. Sejalan dengan kebijakan pemerintah melalui Keppres No. 23 Tahun 1982 tentang Pengembangan Budidaya Laut, merupakan alternative pemecahan masalah di wilayah tersebut. Faktor utama keberhasilan dan keberlanjutan usaha perikanan budidaya adalah kesesuaian pemilihan lokasi dan menghindari konflik antar pengguna perairan. Karena itu perlu dilakukan suatu penyusunan zonasi budidaya perairan di wilayah penelitian. Tujuan penelitian, menganalisis tingkat kesesuaian perairan Tiworo Kepulauan secara spasial untuk zonasi budidaya perairan. Metode penelitian adalah metode survey dengan penekanan pada nilai variabel parameter kualitas perairan yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan budidaya ikan kerapu, budidaya rumput laut dan budidaya tiram mutiara. Output yang diperoleh merupakan hasil analisis spasial berbasis sel menggunakan program SIG. Hasil evaluasi scoring penilaian tingkat kelayakan lokasi untuk budidaya ikan kerapu, budidaya rumput laut dan budidaya Tiram Mutiara diperoleh luas potensi lokasi budidaya berturut-turut seluas 979 ha, 851 ha dan 1096 ha. Sedangkan luasan zonasi budidaya perairan secara umum di perairan Tiworo Kepulauan seluas 1.434 ha atau 7.39% dari luas lokasi penelitian.Eksploitasi perairan laut yang berlebihan dan tidak bertanggung jawab menyebabkan semakin berkembang dan meluasnya degradasi bio-geofisik dan lingkungan di pesisir perairan Tiworo Kepulauan. Sejalan dengan kebijakan pemerintah melalui Keppres No. 23 Tahun 1982 tentang Pengembangan Budidaya Laut, merupakan alternative pemecahan masalah di wilayah tersebut. Faktor utama keberhasilan dan keberlanjutan usaha perikanan budidaya adalah kesesuaian pemilihan lokasi dan menghindari konflik antar pengguna perairan. Karena itu perlu dilakukan suatu penyusunan zonasi budidaya perairan di wilayah penelitian. Tujuan penelitian, menganalisis tingkat kesesuaian perairan Tiworo Kepulauan secara spasial untuk zonasi budidaya perairan. Metode penelitian adalah metode survey dengan penekanan pada nilai variabel parameter kualitas perairan yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan budidaya ikan kerapu, budidaya rumput laut dan budidaya tiram mutiara. Output yang diperoleh merupakan hasil analisis spasial berbasis sel menggunakan program SIG. Hasil evaluasi scoring penilaian tingkat kelayakan lokasi untuk budidaya ikan kerapu, budidaya rumput laut dan budidaya Tiram Mutiara diperoleh luas potensi lokasi budidaya berturut-turut seluas 979 ha, 851 ha dan 1096 ha. Sedangkan luasan zonasi budidaya perairan secara umum di perairan Tiworo Kepulauan seluas 1.434 ha atau 7.39% dari luas lokasi penelitian. The excessive and irresponsible marine resources exploitation causes the increase and expansion of bio-geophysical and environmental degradations at the coastal waters of Tiworo Kepulauan. Parallel to the government’s policy through the Presidential Decree No. 23 Year 1982 concerning the Development of marine culture, was the alternative of a problem solving measure for the region. The main factors of success and continuation of marine culture business are the suitability level and site-selection and the efforts in avoiding conflicts on the use at the area. The objective of the research was to analyze the marine culture level of suitability of the waters of Tiworo Kepulauan spatially for the purpose of marine culture zonation. The survey method employed field measurement with the emphasis in this research on the variable values the parameter of water qualities that influences greatly on the activities of grouper culture, sea weed culture, and pearls oyster culture. The obtained output was the cell-based spatial analysis result utilizing SIG software. Based on the scoring result for the feasibility level of the location for grouper culture, sea weed culture, and pearls oyster culture, the potential area for culture locations can be divided as follows; 979 hectares for fish culture, 851 hectares for sea weed culture, and 1096 hectares for oyster culture; thus, in general, the acquired area of marine culture zone at the waters of Tiworo Kepulauan as much 1.434 hectares or about 7.39% of the research site area.