HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH IBU DAN KEJADIAN DIARE DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN BAYI YANG MENGALAMI HAMBATAN PERTUMBUHAN DALAM RAHIM SAMPAI UMUR EMPAT BULAN CORRELATIONS OF MOTHER’S CARING PATTERN AND DIARRHEA OCCURENCES WITH INTRA UTERINE GROWTH RETARDATE BABIES’ GROWTH IN THE FIRST FOUR MONTHS

Abstract

Background: Intra Uterine Growth Retardate babies are very sensitive to infectious diseases especially diarrhea. Diarrhea may disrupt growth, while good quality of mother’s caring pattern improve growth. This study aimed to correlate between mother’s caring pattern, diarrhea occurrences and the growth of IUGR babies. Method: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 44 IUGR babies from birth to 4 months old. Data were collected by interviews to the mother’s, using a structured questionnaire and observation. The variables measured were mother’s caring pattern, diarrhea occurrences, environmental sanitation, health service utility and growth. Data were analyzed by Pearson and Rank- Spearman correlation tests, as well as multiple linear regressions. Results: Eighty- eight point six percents of the respondents had good quality of caring pattern. The mean diarrhea episode per child was 0.84±1.16SD, with duration of 1.8 days/episode. Cumulative incidence of diarrhea was 84.1% and incidence density of diarrhea was 3.1 person-years. Diarrhea occurrences in subjects who were partially breastfed were higher than the subjects who were exclusively breastfed. There was a correlation between mother’s feeding practice and growth (WAZ: p<0.004, BMI: p<0.039). There was no correlation between mother’s caring pattern, diarrhea occurrences, environmental sanitation, health service utility and growth. Environmental sanitation, health service utility, diarrhea occurrences, mother’s caring pattern of feeding, nursing and hygiene, were all contributed to 31.7 % of WAZ scores. Conclusion and recommendation: Among the mother’s caring pattern, only mother’s feeding practice was correlated to the growth of IUGR babies, while diarrhea occurrences was not correlated to the growth of IUGR babies in the first four months. It is recommended to give counseling to the mother’s about feeding practice for diarrhea prevention. Latar Belakang : Bayi dengan hambatan pertumbuhan dalam rahim (IUGR) sangat rentan terhadap infeksi terutama diare yang dapat mengganggu pertumbuhannya. Pola asuh ibu diharapkan dapat memperbaiki dan menunjang pertumbuhan optimal bayi IUGR. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui hubungan pola asuh ibu dan kejadian diare dengan pertumbuhan bayi IUGR. Metode : Penelitian kohort prospektif pada 44 bayi IUGR sampai umur 4 bulan. Variabel yang diamati : pola asuh ibu, kejadian diare, sanitasi lingkungan, pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan dan pertumbuhan. Analisis data dengan korelasi Pearson, Rank-Spearman dan analisis regresi linier berganda variabel dummy. Hasil : Pola asuh ibu 88,6% baik. Rerata episode diare 0,84±1,16SD dengan lama diare 1,8 hari/episode. Insidensi kumulatif diare 84,1% dan densitas insiden diare 3,1 orang-tahun. Kejadian diare subjek ASI parsial paling banyak dibandingkan subjek ASI eksklusif. Ada hubungan praktek ibu memberi makan bayi dengan pertumbuhan bayi (BB/U p<0,004 dan BMI p<0,039). Tidak ada hubungan pola asuh ibu, kejadian diare, sanitasi lingkungan dan pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan dengan pertumbuhan bayi. Secara bersama-sama sanitasi lingkungan, pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan, kejadian diare, praktek ibu memberi makan, merawat, menjaga kebersihan diri dan bayi berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan bayi dengan kontribusi terbesar dari skor-Z BB/U (31,7%). Simpulan dan Saran : Pada pola asuh ibu hanya praktek ibu memberi makan bayi yang berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan bayi IUGR sampai umur 4 bulan. Sedangkan kejadian diare tidak berhubungan dengan pertumbuhan bayi IUGR sampai umur 4 bulan. Disarankan meningkatkan penyuluhan praktek memberi makan bayi yang tepat untuk mencegah diare.