AKIBAT HUKUM PUTUSAN PAILIT PADA BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA (BUMN) PT. DIRGANTARA INDONESIA (PERSERO) TESIS

Abstract

Tujuan Nasional adalah memajukan kesejahteraan bagi rakyat Indonesia, upaya pemerintah untuk meningkatkan pendapatan negara dan pelayanan publik salah satunya dengan membentuk BUMN. PT. Dirgantara Indonesia merupakan BUMN dalam bidang kedirgantaraan, yang merupakan obyek vital nasional dan mengahasilkan barang dan/atau jasa yang berhubungan dengan industri pesawat terbang. PT. DI mengalami masa survival Tahun 2000-2003 sebagai dampak krisis moneter. Kondisi ini mengharuskan PT. DI melakukan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) 6500 karyawan. PHK tersebut menimbulkan sengketa hak dan kewajiban. Mantan karyawan PT. DI menuntut adanya pembayaran kompensasi pensiun, mereka mengajukan permohonan pailit. Menyikapi permohonan Pailit tersebut Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat dalam Putusannya Nomor: 41/Pailit/2007/PN.Niaga/Jkt.Pst, memutus Pailit PT. DI tersebut. Kemudian Menteri Keuangan mengajukan Kasasi Ke Mahkamah Agung, kemudian Mahkamah Agung dalam Putusannya Nomor: 075 K/Pdt.Sus/2007 membatalkan putusan pailit Pengadilan Niaga. Tujuan penulis mengadakan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatahui dan menganalisis bagaimana akibat hukum bagi para pihak terhadap pernyataan pailit tersebut, dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pertimbangan-pertimbangan apa saja yang digunakan dalam pemutus pailit suatu BUMN. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pendekatan yuridis normatif, spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif analistis. Sumber data yang dipakai adalah data sekunder, yang meliputi bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder dan bahan hukum tersier. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: 1. putusan pailit tersebut menimbulkan akibat hukum yang lebih luas yaitu: bagi PT. DI sebagai suatu institusi yang harus melakukan upaya penyehatan BUMN melalui Restrukturisasi, bagi pemegang saham dalam hal ini Menteri BUMN dan Menteri Keuangan atas nama Negara Indonesia yang harus meningkatkan pengawasan dan kontrol terhadap kinerja BUMN, dan juga bagi para kreditor yaitu mantan karyawan PT. DI dalam hal kompensasi pensiun, pembayarannya berdasar sistem pembayaran yang diupayakan PT. DI. 2. Pertimbangan dalam memailitkan suatu BUMN antara lain menyangkut pertimbangan: aspek yuridis, yang meliputi dasar hukum yang dipakai dalam memutuskan pailit yaitu UU No. 37 Tahun 2004 Tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang dan peraturan hukum lain yang terkait, dan aspek ekonomi dengan melihat prospek kelangsungan usaha PT. Dirgantara Indonesia yang masih cukup menguntungkan secara ekonomis, jumlah asset usaha yang masih memadai, dan masih besar pula dukungannya bagi penciptaan lapangan kerja. The National Direction is improving welfare of Indonesian people. The government’s effort to improve state revenue and public service, one of them is by establishing a Government Undertaking. PT.Dirgantara Indonesia/PT.DI (Indonesian Aerospace Ltd.) is a government undertaking in the area of aerospace, which is a vital national object and it produces objects and/or services related to aerospace industry. PT. DI underwent a survival era during 2000-2003 as a result of the impact of monetary crisis. This condition forced PT. DI to perform dismissal of 6.500 employees. That dismissal caused disputes of rights and obligations. The ex-employees of PT. DI demanded the payment of retirement compensation; they proposed an appeal of bankruptcy. Responding to the appeal of bankruptcy, the Commercial Court of Central Jakarta in its Decision Number 41/Pailit/2007/PN.Niaga/Jkt.Pst made a decision that PT. DI is bankrupt. Then, The Minister of Financial proposed a Cassation to the Supreme Court, then the Supreme Court in this Decision Number 075K/Pdt.Sus/2007 annulled the Decision of Bankruptcy issued by the Commercial Court. The objective of the writer in conducting this research in to find out and analyze how the lawful consequence for the parties concerning that bankrupt statement is, and to find out and analyze what considerations used in making decision stating that a Government Undertaking is bankrupt. The used method of research is a method of juridical-normative approach, the specification of this research is a descriptive-analytical research. The used data source is secondary data, covering primary lawful materials, secondary lawful materials, and tertiary lawful materials. Based on the research results, it can be concluded as follows: 1. That decision of bankruptcy causes broader lawful consequences, which are: for PT. DI as an institution that has to perform the efforts of healing the Government Undertaking through a restructuring process, for the stakeholder, in this case are the Minister of Government Undertaking and the Minister of Financial on behalf of the State of Indonesia, should improve the observation and monitoring of the performance of the Government Undertaking, and also for the creditors, which are the ex-employees of PT. DI in the matter of the payment of retirement compensation, the payment is based on the payment system conducted by PT. DI. 2. The considerations in making a statement of bankruptcy applied to a Government Undertaking involves, among them are : juridical aspects, covering the used lawful foundations in making decision of bankruptcy, which is the Act No. 37 Year 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspending the Obligation of Debt Payment and other related lawful regulation, and economic aspects by examining the prospect of business continuation of PT. Dirgantara Indonesia (Indonesian Aerospace Ltd.), which is still quite profitable economically, the number of the company assets, which is still sufficient, and the support for creating employment, which is still relatively strong.