PERSEPSI PASIEN TERHADAP MUTU PELAYANAN DOKTER DITINJAU DARI KARAKTERISTIK DAN MUTU PELAYANAN DOKTER DI INSTALASI RAWAT JALAN RSI SUNAN KUDUS TAHUN 2005 ( PATIENT’S PERCEPTION ABOUT THE QUALITY OF MEDICAL SERVICES BASED ON CHARACTERISTICS AND QUALITY DIMENSION OF MEDICAL SERVICES AT THE OUT PATIENT INSTALLATION OF SUNAN KUDUS ISLAMIC HOSPITAL 2005)

Abstract

Persepsi pasien tentang mutu pelayanan dokter pada instalasi rawat jalan rumah sakit terbentuk dari berbagai faktor, termasuk dimensi mutu dan karakteristik individu. Faktor dimensi mutu yang dimaksud diantaranya ketrampilan teknis dokter, hubungan interpersonal, ketersediaan informasi, dan keterlibatan pasien dalam pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis besarnya pengaruh faktor dimensi mutu terhadap persepsi pasien mengenai mutu pelayanan dokter rawat jalan. Penelitian survey belah lintang ini dilaksanakan di instalasi rawat jalan RSI Sunan Kudus, dengan melibatkan 100 orang pasien rawat jalan sebagai sampel dan responden. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dalam bentuk tabel frekuensi, dan inferensial dengan uji statistik Chi Square dan Regresi Logistik. Penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa pasien terbanyak pada kelompok usia dewasa, pasien laki-laki lebih banyak daripada perempuan, 94% responden bekerja, persentase responden terbanyak berpendidikan mengenah, 31% berpeghasilan di bawah UMR dan 69% di atas UMR. serta (81%) memiliki persepsi mutu pelayanan dokter rawat jalan tidak sesuai harapan; 76% berpersepsi bahwa dokter memiliki ketrampilan teknis yang biasa saja, 67% berpersepsi hubungan interpersonal dokter dan ketersediaan informasi cukup, 69% berpersepsi keterlibatan pasien dalam pengobatan cukup. Tidak ada perbedaan persepsi pasien tentang mutu pelayanan dokter rawat jalan berdasarkan kelompok usia dan jenis kelamin, tetapi ada perbedaan berdasarkan jenjang pendidikan, pekerjaaan dan penghasilan. Semua faktor dimensi mutu terbukti berhubungan secara signifikan dengan persepsi pasien mengenai mutu pelayanan dokter rawat jalan, dan hasil analisis multivariat membuktikan bahwa persepsi pasien tentang mutu pelayanan dokter rawat jalan dipengaruhi oleh hubungan interpersonal (OR 3,901 kali), ketersediaan informasi (OR = 5,590) dan keterlibatan pasien dalam pengobatan (OR 3,652 kali). Selanjutnya disarankan agar manajemen RSI Sunan Kudus untuk memperbaiki hubungan interpersonal dokter, meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas informasi rawat jalan, dan lebih melibatkan pasien dalam memilih dokter, mengambil keputusan dan dalam proses pengobatan. Patient’s perception about quality of medical services at the out patient installation of hospital constructed from several factors, included the quality dimension and individual characteristics. The quality dimension consist of the doctor skill, interpersonal relationship of doctor, information supply, and patients participation in the medical service. Aims of this study is to analyse the influence of quality dimension to the patient’s perception about the quality of medical service. The cross sectional survey was conducted in the out patient installation of Sunan Kudus Islamic Hospital. There were 100 patients recruited as respondent. Data was analysed descriptively (by distribution table) and inferentially (by Chi Square and Logistic Regression technique). Results of the study showed that the most of respondents were adult age, and middle level education; male more than female; 94% of respondents get job, 31% respondents income were under regional minimum salary, and 81% respondent’s perception about medical service quality were unsuitable; 76% respondent stated that the doctor skill were enough, 67% respondent stated that the interpersonal relationship of doctor and information supply were enough, also 69% stated that the participation of patient in the medical service were enough. Patient’s perception about medical service was not different based on age group and sex, but it was different based on education level, occupation and income. All of the quality dimension factors showed the significant correlation with patient’s perception about medical service. The result of multivariate analysis showed that the patient’s perception were influenced by interpersonal relationship of doctor (OR = 3,901), information supply (OR = 5,590), and patient participation in medical service (OR = 3,652). Based on the results, researcher suggests to the management team of Sunan Kudus Islamic Hospital to increase (1) the interpersonal relationship of doctor, (2) quality and quantity of information of out patient service, and (3) patient participation in medical service.