Cahyani , Gayatri Indah (2008) ANALISIS FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI KELUARGA TERHADAP KEANEKARAGAMAN KONSUMSI PANGAN BERBASIS AGRIBISNIS DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS. Masters thesis, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
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Abstract
Food is an essential factor that determines the quality of human resources. Imbalance consumption as the consequences of less varieties of food contributes problems of under and over nutrient. The objective of the study is to analyze (a) proportion of energy contribution from rice to total energy consumption; (b) consumption of energy and protein from staple food; (c) the correlation of socio economic aspect of household to diversification of food consumption. Research method used to observed diversification of food consumption is Pola Pangan Harapan (PPH) score. Study was conducted in Kecamatan Sumpyuh and North Purwokerto, Banyumas within 6 months and the duration of data sampling taken was 5 weeks. Data collected were primary and secondary data. Example of data sampling was household that won 2007 food contest. Sampling was chosen using purposive sampling method. Data was analyzed using descriptive and exposed in the form of tables and pictures. Uji Regresi Berganda was applied to analyze socio economic impact to diversification of food consumption. The result of household characteristic was average 3.79. House wife was 50%. Household income of urban people was Rp 712,866, sub urban was Rp 1,106,666, and rural was Rp 894,600. Tingkat Kecukupan Energi (TKE) was 89.4%. TKE of sub-urban and rural were 91% higher than that of urban (84.8%). Energy consumption which is less than 70% was relatively same as other area which is 20%-23.3%. TKE within household sampling that apply diversification in agribusiness was 91%-101% AKG (Angka Kecukupan Gizi). Protein consumption level among areas is significantly different at 0.05 with the average of 95.87%. The higher the income of a household, the less the consumption of rice. The average of PPH score was 71.73. This score is significantly different at 1%. The conclusions were: (1) Rice plays an important role in contributing energy compare to tubers. The average of energy contribution from rice was 50% AKG while tubers were 3.0% AKG; (2) Rice contributes energy consumption and protein shares the biggest among others. Contribution of protein and energy from rice were 44% and 56% AKG. (3) Education level and household income were two variables that dominantly influence PPH. Education that increase in 1 year will increase PPH score until 1.298. Group whose income was less than Rp 300,000, its PPH score will be 41-91, while group whose income was more than Rp 300,000, its PPH score will be 64.28-95.44. Pangan merupakan kebutuhan dasar sebagai hak setiap manusia dan salah satu faktor penentu kualitas sumber daya manusia. Ketidakseimbangan gizi akibat konsumsi pangan yang kurang beraneka ragam berdampak pada timbulnya masalah gizi, baik gizi kurang maupun gizi lebih. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis: (a) proporsi sumbangan energi dari beras terhadap total konsumsi energi; (b) kontribusi konsumsi energi dan protein dari berbagai kelompok pangan; (c) hubungan antara aspek sosial ekonomi keluarga terhadap keanekargaman (diversifikasi) konsumsi pangan. Metode penelitian untuk melihat diversifikasi konsumsi pangan digunakan skor Pola Pangan Harapan (PPH). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Sumpiuh dan Purwokerto Utara, Kabupaten Banyumas, selama 6 bulan dengan lama pengambilan data 5 minggu. Jenis data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Contoh pada penelitian adalah keluarga sebagai pemenang lomba ketahanan pangan tahun 2007. Pemilihannya dengan metode purposive sample. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan secara deskripitif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan gambar. Untuk melihat pengaruh aspek sosial ekonomi terhadap diversifikasi konsumsi pangan dilakukan dengan Uji Regresi Berganda. Hasil karakteristik anggota keluarga contoh penelitian rata-rata 3,79. Pekerjaan isteri sebagai ibu rumah tangga 50%. Pendapatan keluarga untuk wilayah urban Rp 712.866,-, suburban Rp 1.106.666,- dan rural Rp 894.600,-. Tingkat Kecukupan Energi (TKE) rata-rata 89,4%. TKE wilayah suburban dan rural (91%), lebih tinggi dibandingkan wilayah urban (84,8%). Besarnya rawan pangan (konsumsi energi < 70%) relatif sama antarwilayah berkisar 20 - 23,3%. TKE pada keluarga contoh yang memiliki diversifikasi usaha dibidang agribisnis antara 91 - 101% AKG (Angka Kecukupan Gizi). Dengan demikian, diversifikasi usaha agribisnis dapat memperbaiki TKE. Tingkat konsumsi protein antarwilayah tidak berbeda nyata pada taraf 0,05 dengan rata-rata 95,87%. Semakin tinggi kelompok strata pendapatan, konsumsi beras semakin berkurang. Rata-rata skor PPH 71,73 < skor PPH Jawa Tengah, terdapat perbedaan sangat nyata skor PPH antarstrata kelompok pendapatan pada taraf 1%. Kesimpulan: (1) Beras memberikan peranan penting dalam menyumbangkan energi dibandingkan pangan lain seperti umbi-umbian. Rata-rata kontribusi energi dari beras sebesar 50% AKG, sedangkan umbi-umbian 3,0% AKG; (2) Padi-padian memberikan kontribusi konsumsi energi dan protein paling besar dibandingkan pangan lainnya. Kontribusi protein dan energi padi-padian berturut-turut 44% dan 56% AKG; (3) Tingkat pendidikan dan pendapatan kepala keluarga merupakan dua variabel yang memberikan pengaruh dominan terhadap PPH. Pendidikan meningkat 1 tahun, skor PPH akan meningkat sampai dengan 1,298. Pada kelompok strata pendapatan < Rp 300.000,- skor PPH berkisar 41 - 91. Pada kelompok strata pendapatan > Rp 300.000,- skor PPH berkisar 64,28 - 95,44.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Agribusiness |
ID Code: | 17454 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 1 |
Deposited On: | 23 Jul 2010 13:32 |
Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2010 13:32 |
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