F A I Z A H , F A I Z A H (2008) PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA BERBASIS MASYARAKAT (Studi Kasus di Kota Yogyakarta). Masters thesis, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
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Abstract
The problem of waste has not completely been solved by the Yogyakarta municipal government. The government has not found an appropriate long term solution. The objectives of the research on community-based waste management are (1) to describe a community-based domestic waste management in Yogyakarta municipality, (2) to identify problems of the community-based domestic waste management, and (3) to recommend solutions for perfecting the community-based domestic waste management. The research was located in Gondolayu Lor in which a pilot project of the community-based domestic waste management has been initiated. This descriptive qualitative research was employed. Data were collected with interview, questionnaire, observation, and documentation. The collected data were validated with triangulation techniques and analyzed qualitatively. Results of the research follow. Firstly, the pilot project of the community-based domestic waste management in Gondolayu Lor in Yogyakarta municipality has successfully been carried out by using 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) principle and has reduced the amount of waste in Temporary Waste Dumping up (TPSS) to 70%. Secondly, the community-based domestic waste management by using 3R principle is a paradigmatic solution. Thirdly, the main problem of carrying out the community-based domestic waste management is how to change the “throwing out waste” old paradigm to “managing waste” one. The other identified problems are that (1) the municipal government does not appreciate people who have been sorting domestic waste; (2) there is no mechanism and person to supervise and evaluate the management; (3) the management is not provided with supporting facilities and infrastructures; (4) sorting domestic waste has not really been completed; (5) people do not form new cadres which have capability and have integrity to manage waste. There are six recommendations to manage domestic waste. Firstly, the government, RT/RW boards, and managers plan to facilitate people measurably how to sort waste domestic properly. Secondly, the government organizes and gives incentive and disincentive to encourage people. Thirdly, the government, RT/RW boards, and managers make a mechanism and appoint persons to supervise and evaluate the management. Fourthly, the government provides facilities and infrastructures to support the management. Fifthly, managers and RT/RW boards find strategies to form new cadres which have capability and integrity to manage waste. Sixthly, the community-based domestic waste management is a suitable model in urban areas. Sampah di Kota Yogyakarta menjadi masalah yang belum bisa diatasi sepenuhnya oleh pemerintah daerah. Pemda sebenarnya menyadari masalah ini, tetapi belum menemukan solusi jangka panjang yang tepat. Penelitian perihal Pengelolaan Sampah Berbasis Masyarakat di Kota Yogyakarta ini bertujuan untuk (1) memperoleh gambaran tentang pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga berbasis masyarakat, (2) menginventarisasi problematika dalam sistem pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga ini, (3) memberikan rekomendasi untuk menyempurnakan sistem pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga berbasis masyarakat. Penelitian ini berlokasi di Gondolayu Lor, tempat pelaksanaan pilot project pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat. Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif, yakni penelitian yang bermaksud mendeskripsikan suatu fenomena. Pengumpulan datanya menggunakan teknik wawancara, kuesioner, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Uji keabsahan datanya memakai metode triangulasi. Datanya dianalisis secara deskriptif-kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian ini, dapat ditarik tiga kesimpulan. Pertama, pilot project pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga berbasis masyarakat di Gondolayu Lor, Kota Yogyakarta berjalan secara baik dengan prinsip 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) dan berhasil mengurangi volume sampah yang dibuang ke TPSS hingga 70%. Kedua, model pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga berbasis masyarakat dengan prinsip 3R merupakan solusi paradigmatik. Ketiga, problematika utama dalam pelaksanaan model ini adalah bagaimana mengubah paradigma “membuang sampah” jadi “memanfaatkan sampah”. Problematika lain yang teridentifikasi ialah (1) pemerintah daerah belum memberikan apresiasi terhadap masyarakat yang telah melakukan pemilahan sampah; (2) tidak ada mekanisme dan person yang memantau dan mengevaluasi kegiatan; (3) penerapan kebijakan pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat dengan prinsip 3R tidak diikuti penyediaan sarana dan prasarana penunjang; (4) pemilahan sampah di rumah tangga kurang tuntas; (5) tidak ada kaderisasi untuk mencari pengurus baru yang memiliki kapabilitas dan integritas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, direkomendasikan enam hal. Pertama, pemerintah, pengurus RT/RW, dan pengelola mendidik masyarakat secara terencana dan terukur tentang pengelolaan sampah yang benar. Kedua, pemerintah mengatur dan memberikan insentif dan disinsentif untuk memotivasi masyarakat. Ketiga, pemerintah, pengurus RT/RW, dan pengelola membuat mekanisme dan menentukan orang untuk memantau dan mengevaluasi pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat. Keempat, pemerintah menyediakan sarana dan prasarana pengelolaan sampah dengan model ini. Kelima, pengelola dan pengurus RT/RW mencari strategi kaderisasi pengelola. Keenam, model pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga berbasis masyarakat layak dikembangkan jadi model pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga di perkotaan.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Environmental Science |
ID Code: | 17313 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 1 |
Deposited On: | 22 Jul 2010 15:01 |
Last Modified: | 22 Jul 2010 15:01 |
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