EFEK ECHINACEA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN FAGOSITOSIS DAN KADAR NITRIC OXIDE (NO) MAKROFAG PADA ADENOKARSINOMA MAMMAE MENCIT C3H YANG MENGALAMI STRESS THE EFFECT OF ECHINACEA ON THE PHAGOCYTOSIS ABILITY AND NITRIC OXIDE (NO) LEVEL OF MACROPHAGE IN BREAST ADENOCARCINOMA OF C3H MICE IN STRESS

Abstract

Latar belakang : Echinacea purpurea merupakan salah satu imunostimulator yang dapat meningkatkan imunitas seluler, yang telah tersedia di pasaran. Salah satu respon imunitas seluler adalah peningkatan aktifitas fagositosis makrofag dan kadar nitric oxide (NO), karena tebukti NO efektif untuk eliminasi sel-sel tumor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini membuktikan adanya perbedaan kemampuan fagositosis makrofag dan adanya perbedaan kadar NO makrofag pada mencit adenokarsinoma mamma yang diberikan Echinacea purpurea dengan yang tidak. Metoda : Dilakukan penelitian eksperimental hewan coba, desain randomized post test only controle group design. Sampel 18 ekor mencit C3H yang diinokulasi tumor, dibagi 3 kelompok yang terbagi K-P1-P2, pada P1 diberikan diberikan diet standart dan stress sedangkan P2 diberikan diet standart, Echinacea purpurea 0,195 mg/gramBB/hari dan stress. Perlakuan dilakukan selama 10 hari, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan kemampuan fagositosis dan kadar NO makrofag. Analisis statistik untuk uji beda semua kelompok dengan menggunakan uji One way Anova dan uji beda untuk masing-masing kelompok dengan menggunakan Post Hoc Bonferoni Test. Hasil : Didapatkan bahwa semua kelompok mempunyai perbedaan bermakna pada kemampuan fagositosis makrofag (p=0,001) dan kadar NO makrofag (p=0,004). Uji beda masing-masing kelompok pada kemampuan fagositosis makrofag terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara K (42,75 ± 6,49) dan P1 (29,83 ± 2,64) dengan nilai p=0,001 dan antara P1 (29,83 ± 2,64) dan P2 (38,17 ± 3,66) dengan nilai p=0,019. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara K (42,75 ± 6,49) dengan P2 (38,17 ± 3,66) dengan nilai p=0,307 dan untuk uji beda masing-masing kolompok pada kadar NO terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara K (5,034 ± 0,274) dengan P1 (4,384 ± 0,169) dengan nilai p=0,004 dan antara P1 (4,384 ± 0,169) dan P2 (4,848 ± 0,169) dengan nilai p=0,038. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara K(5,034 ± 0,274) dan P2 (4,848 ± 0,169) dengan nilai p=0,829 Simpulan : Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kemampuan fagositosis dan kadar NO antara makrofag mencit yang diberi echinacea purpurea daripada tanpa pemberian echinacea purpurea. Background : Echinacea purpurea is one of the immunostimulators which already avaiable in the market that can increase cellular immunity. One of the cellular immunity respons are the enhancement of macrophage’s phagocytosis activity and the increase of nitric oxide level for killing process of tumor cells. The objectives of this study are to differentiate macrophage’s phagocytosis activity and the difference of nitric oxide level between mice, inoculated with breast adenocarcinoma, which are receive Echinacea purpurea and which are not. Methods : The design of this study with randomized post test only control group design. 18 C3H mice which was inoculated by breast adenocarcinomas were divided to 3 groups : K-P1-P2, the P1 group received standart diet and stress, whereas P2 group received standart diet, Echinacea purpurea 0,195 mg/gram/day and stress. The intervention was performed for 10 days. Statistical analysis were using one way ANOVA test and Post Hoc Bonferoni test. Results : There are significant differences in all groups for macrophage’s phagocytosis activity (p=0,001) and the macrophage’s nitric oxide level (p=0,004). There was significant difference in differential test in each group for macrophage’s phagocytosis activity between K (42,75 ± 6,49) and P1 (29,83 ± 2,64) groups with p=0,001 and between P1 (29,83 ± 2,64) and P2 (38,17 ± 3,66) groups with p=0,019. There was no significant differences K (42,75 ± 6,49) and P2 (38,17 ± 3,66) with p=0,307. The differential test for each groups for nitric oxide level between K (5,034 ± 0,274) and P1 (4,384 ± 0,169) groups and between P1 (4,384 ± 0,169) and P2 (4,848 ± 0,169) groups were significantly different (p=0,004 and p=0,038, respectively). There was no significant diffrerence between K (5,034 ± 0,274) and P2 (4,848 ± 0,169) groups with p=0,829. Conclusions : It is shown in this study for macrophage’s phagocytosis activity and the macrophage’s nitric oxide level, that the macrophage which treated mice with echinacea purpurea is significantly enhance than non treated mice