PENGARUH PUASA RAMADHAN TERHADAP FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO ATEROSKLEROSIS Studi Pada Profil Lipid, Gula Darah, Tekanan Darah dan Berat Badan EFFECT OF RAMADHAN FASTING ON RISK FACTORS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS Study On Lipids Profile, Blood Sugar, Blood Pressure And Body Weight

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Aterosklerosis diramalkan pada tahun 2020 merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di masyarakat yang sedang berkembang. Pencegahan terbentuknya aterosklerosis dengan menurunkan faktor risiko aterosklerosis (FRA) yang dapat dimodifikasi, misalnya dengan pola hidup sehat. Puasa Ramadhan dapat menjadi model penelitian yang baik untuk penelitian metabolisme dan pola hidup sehingga menarik untuk membuktikan apakah puasa Ramadhan dapat menurunkan FRA. Tujuan : Membuktikan bahwa puasa Ramadhan dapat menurunkan FRA. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan desain kros seksional berulang dengan sample 20 responden dipilih secara random dari 35 lelaki dewasa residen dan dosen bedah RS Dr. Kariadi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Semarang yang memenuhi kriteria kemudian dibandingkan kadar Trigliserida (Tg) , kolesterol total, kolesterol Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL ), kolesterol High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) , gula darah puasa (GDP), berat badan (BB), tekanan darah sistolik (TDS) dan tekanan darah diastolik (TDD) setelah puasa Ramadhan selama 29 hari dengan setelah tidak puasa 29 hari. Uji normalitas data menggunakan Shapiro wilk test dan uji hipotesis dengan uji-t. Hasil : 20 responden penelitian didapatkan penurunan rerata kadar Tg (p=0,02), BB (p= 0,00) dan TDS (p= 0,02) setelah puasa Ramadhan 29 hari dibandingkan dengan setelah tidak puasa 29 hari dan perbedaan rerata kadar kolesterol Total (p=0,95), kolesterol LDL (p= 0,86), kolesterol HDL (p=0,12), GDP (p=0,46) dan TDD (p= 0,21) tidak berubah. Simpulan : Puasa Ramadhan dapat menurunkan tiga FRA yakni Tg, BB dan TDS. Introduction : In The year 2020, Atherosclerosis remains major cause of mortality and morbidity in developed societies. The prevention of atherosclerosis is reducing of the modified atherosclerosis risk factors , for example with the healthy lifestyle. Ramadhan fasting can serve as an excellent research model for the study of human metabolism and lifestyle , it interest to know about the effect of Ramadhan fasting on risk factors of atherosclerosis. Objective : The objective of research to prove the effect of Ramadhan fasting that can reduce risk factors of atherosclerosis . Methods : Design of the research is repeat cross sectional on 20 respondent randomized from 35 healthy male adult respondents in surgery department of Kariadi Hospital – Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University Semarang , to compare the result of Triglyceride (Tg), total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein –cholesterol (LDL), High Density Lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL), fasting blood sugar, body weight (BW) , Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 29th days Ramadhan fasting with after no fasting 29 days. Test of normality data is shapiro wilk test and test of hypotheses is t-test. Result : 20 respondents that observed , The Tg (p=0,02), BW (p=0,00) and SBP (p=0,02) were significantly reduced at 29 th days of Ramadhan fasting (p< 0,05), but there was a non significantly difference in total cholesterol (p=95), LDLCholesterol (p=0,86), HDL-Cholesterol (p=0,12), fasting blood sugar (p=0,46) and DBP (p=0,21). Conclusion : Ramadhan fasting can reduce risk factors of atherosclerosis study on Tg, BW and SBP but non significantly difference in total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, fasting blood sugar, and DBP.