EFEK SUPLEMENTASI BESI-VITAMIN C DAN VITAMIN C TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR YANG ANEMIA DI KECAMATAN SAYUNG KABUPATEN DEMAK THE EFFECT OF IRON-VITAMIN C AND VITAMIN C SUPPLEMENTATION ON HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL OF ANEMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN AT SAYUNG SUBDISTRICT DEMAK DISTRICT

Abstract

Background : Iron and vitamin C supplementation can increase the hemoglobin level and is expected to correct in anaemia school children. This study was aimed to examine the effect of iron+vitamin C and vitamin C supplementation only twice a week on hemoglobin level of anemia school children. Methods : This study was a randomized-controlled pre and post-test, double-blind trial. The subject of this study were anaemia school children aged 7-12 years in Sayung subdistrict, Demak district. Samples were as signed in to two treatment groups : group I (n=37) received supplementation iron (60 mg Fe as FeSO4)+ vitamin C (100 mg) syrup and group II (n=37) received vitamin C (100 mg) syrup only. All subjects were given vitamin A 200.000 UI dan Albendazole 400 mg before supplementation as a single dose. Supplementation was administrated for 3 months (12 weeks). Paired t-test, independent t-test and Anova were used for data analysis. Result : The changes of mean hemoglobin level in group I and II were 2,05 ±1,53 g/dL (from 10,2±1,09 g/dL become12,2 ±1,13 g/dL) and were 1,95 ±1,49 g/dL (from 10,5 ± 0,07 g/dL become 12,5 ± 1,19 g/dL). There was no difference in the change of hemoglobin level between both groups (t= 0,31 , p=0,75). The prevalence of anaemia in group I and II decreased by 56,8% and 67,6% respec. Conclusion : There is no difference in the iron+vitamin C supplementation compared to the vitamin C only supplementation on hemoglobin change. Keyword : Anemic, iron, vitamin C, su Latar belakang : Pemberian suplementasi besi-vitamin C dan vitamin C dapat meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin serta dapat menurunkan prevalensi anemia pada anak sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian suplementasi besi-vitamin C dan vitamin C selama 12 minggu terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin anak sekolah dasar yang anemia. Metode : Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimental dengan desain Randomized Controlled pretest-postest trial, double blind. Subyek penelitian adalah anak SD yang anemia umur 7-12 tahun di Kecamatan Sayung. Subyek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok perlakuan I (n=37) yang diberi sirup besi (60 mg FeSO4) plus vitamin C (100 mg) dan kelompok perlakuan II (n=37) yang diberi sirup vitamin C (100 mg). Seluruh sampel sebelum suplementasi diberi vitamin A 200.000 UI dan obat cacing Albendazol 400 mg dosis tunggal. Suplementasi dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan (12 minggu). Analisis dilakukan dengan uji paired t-test dan Independent Sample T-Test. Hasil : Perubahan kadar hemoglobin rata-rata bagi kelompok perlakuan I sebesar 2,05 ± 1,53 g/dL , dari rata-rata 10,2±1,09 g/dL menjadi 12,2 ± 1,13, demikian juga bagi kelompok perlakuan II terjadi perubahan kadar hemoglobin rata-rata 1,95 ± 1,40 g/dL, dari rata-rata 10,5 ± 0,07 g/dL menjadi 12,5 ± 1,19 g/dL. Rata-rata perubahan kadar hemoglobin antara kedua kelompok tidak berbeda (t= 0,31 , p=0,75). Pada kelompok perlakuan I menurunkan anemia sebesar 56,8%, sedangkan kelompok perlakuan II menurunkan anemia sebesar 67,6%. Simpulan : Pemberian suplementasi besi-vitamin C dibandingkan dengan hanya diberi vitamin C tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna terhadap perubahan kadar hemoglobin.