PENGELOLAAN BAHAN KIMIA SISA ANALISIS LABORATORIUM (STUDI KASUS DI LABORATORIUM PT PUPUK KALTIM BONTANG)

Turang, Y. Yophie (2006) PENGELOLAAN BAHAN KIMIA SISA ANALISIS LABORATORIUM (STUDI KASUS DI LABORATORIUM PT PUPUK KALTIM BONTANG). Masters thesis, program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

Laboratorium Proses PT. Pupuk Kaltim adalah unit pendukung proses pabrik Utilitas, Amoniak, Urea berfungsi memberikan data analisis untuk digunakan sebagai panduan operasional. Analisis sampel utilitas yaitu pH, konduktivity, klorida, pospat, hydrazine, amoniak, nitrit, dan silika dengan bahan kimia pereaksi membentuk senyawa kompex berwarna, menghasilkan limbah bersifat asam(pH<1,0) yang bersifat korosif pada instalasi logam dan gangguan pada kondisi tanah dan menghambat pembusukan. Analisis gas proses pada pabrik amoniak dinetralkan dengan H2SO4, dan larutan KOH penyerap CO2 dalam gas proses pabrik amoniak, serta sisa sampel urea prill/granular padat dan larutan Amonia Water sisa sampel dengan konsentrasi CO2 1-3 %, NH3 1-3 %, Urea 2-5 %, dari pabrik urea yang menghasikan timbulan limbah yang harus dibuang. Tujuan pengelolaan limbah adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengelolaan bahan-bahan kimia sisa analisis, mengetahui dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan, serta mengembangkan model produksi bersih yang dapat diterapkan secara tepat, dan bijaksana guna mencegah dan mengurangi dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Dengan mengelola limbah bahan kimia sisa analisis yaitu memanfaatkan timbulan limbah bahan buangan sesuai prinsip ”reuse, recycle, recovery” dapat memberikan manfaat secara ekonomis dan mengurangi dampak ekologis yakni pencemaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan secara kuantitatif dimulai pengambilan sampel, segregasi, pendinginan, preparasi , analisis sampel diperoleh limbah sisa analisis dari unit utility dan dampaknya terhadap lingkungan, sedangkan secara kuantitatif jumlah buangan limbah bahan kimia sisa analisis dimanfaatkan untuk menetralkan buangan limbah hasil pencucian unit mix Bed di Unit Neutralization Sump pabrik Kaltim-2. Limbah sisa sampel analisis ammonia water, ditampung dan di reuse di unit Ammonia Water Tank (S-308), sedangkan sisa sampel urea prill dan urea granular ditampung dan di recovery ke unit Gudang dan Pengantongan dengan penerapan reuse, recycle, recovery sesuai konsep produksi bersih. Rekomendasi pengelolaan limbah bahan kimia sisa analisis campuran dari unit pabrik utilitas, amoniak dengan derajat pH<1.0 digunakan untuk menetralkan limbah (reuse) buangan hasil pencucian resin mix bed di Unit Neutralization Sump sebagai pengganti bahan penetral asam sulfat dengan penghematan biaya Rp 20.240.000/tahun, dan reuse, recycle limbah sisa sampel amoniak water dari unit pabrik urea melalui tanki ammonia water (308F) dengan nilai penghematan Rp 94.200.000/tahun , serta recovery limbah sisa sampel urea prill dan granular sebesar Rp 2.700.000/tahun. The process laboratory of PT. Pupuk Kaltim, is a unit that supports the manufacturing process of utility, ammoniac, and urea. The function is to provide data analyses which are used as operational guidelines.The analysis of utility sample includes: pH, conductivity, chloride, phosphate, hydrazine, ammoniac, nitrite, and silica which reacts with reactant to form a colorful complex compound, measured by spectrophotometer, which produces an acidic waste (pH<1.0) which is corrosive to metal installation and causing soil imbalance. The analysis of processing gas at ammoniac plant neutralizes ammoniac gas sample by using H2SO4, and captures CO2 gas by using KOH. The analysis of urea sample, the sample taking of produces liquid waste of ammoniac water with the composition of CO2 1-3 %, NH3 1-3 %, urea 2-5 %, and prill urea, a solid form of granular urea, which produces a waste that needs to be dumped. The objective of waste processing is to know how far the processing of chemical substance from the remain of laboratory analysis has given impacts to the environment, as well as to develop a clean production model which can be applied adjacently, to prevent and minimize its negative impacts toward the environment. By processing chemical substance waste from the analysis remain, meaning utilizing the waste with the principles of “reuse, recycle, recovery”, it is expected that the waste gives economical benefit as well as reduces the ecological impacts in the form of pollution. The processing of chemical substance waste from the analysis remain by applying the concept of clean production goes like this. The sample from the utility unit forms a complex compound with pH<1.0. This compound is used to neutralize the waste resulted in the washing process of mix bed resin at neutralization unit. As the substitute of neutralizing substance for sulphate acid, the unit has saved Rp. 20,240,000.00. The reuse of the waste from the sample remain of urea laboratory analysis has saved Rp. 94,200,000.00 per year. The recovery of the waste from the sample remain of prill and granular urea has saved 2,000,000.00 per year. It is recommended that the laboratory processes the chemical substances from the analysis remain with the pH<1.0 from the complex compound of the sample in utility plant, ammonia water, and prill/granular urea, so that it can become the substitute of neutralizer in the neutralization Sump Unit, by applying reuse, recycle, and recovery methods which is in line with the concept of clean production.

Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Environmental Science
ID Code:15947
Deposited By:Mr UPT Perpus 2
Deposited On:07 Jul 2010 09:08
Last Modified:07 Jul 2010 09:08

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