KADAR TIMBAL DALAM DARAH POLISI LALU LINTAS DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN (Studi pada Polisi Lalu Lintas yang Bertugas di Jalan Raya Kota Semarang) THE BLOOD LEAD LEVEL OF TRAFFIC POLICE AND ITS CORRELATION TO THE HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL (Studi on Traffic Police in Semarang)

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Timbal merupakan racun yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan manusia dan bersifat akumulatif. Efek pertama keracunan timbal kronis adalah gangguan pada biosintesis hem. Tujuan : Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui profil kadar timbal dalam darah polisi lalu lintas dan hubungannya dengan kadar hemoglobin. Metode : Penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, dengan subyek 90 polisi lalu lintas yang bertugas di jalan raya kota Semarang. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara , kadar timbal darah diperiksa dengan FAAS (Flame Emission Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer), kadar hemoglobin diperiksa dengan metode cyanmethemoglobin. Uji hipotesis yang dilakukan adalah uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 6,7% responden mempunyai kadar timbal melebihi nilai normal (>25 µg/dL) dengan rerata kadar timbal dalam darah polisi lalu lintas 13,03 ± 6,24 µg/dL yang masih termasuk dalam kategori normal. Rerata kadar hemoglobin darah adalah 15,40 ± 1,03 g/dL dan angka kejadian anemia pada polisi lalu lintas adalah 1,1%. Tidak ada hubungan antara lama kerja, dan kebiasaan merokok dengan kadar timbal dalam darah (p > 0,05) tetapi ada kecenderungan bahwa semakin lama bekerja, makin tinggi kadar timbal darah. Tidak ada hubungan antara kadar timbal dalam darah dengan kadar hemoglobin (p > 0,05). Ada kecenderungan bahwa semakin tinggi kadar timbal dalam darah, semakin rendah kadar hemoglobin darah. Simpulan : Tidak ada hubungan antara kadar timbal dalam darah dengan kadar hemoglobin pada polisi lalulintas di kota Semarang. Kata kunci : kadar timbal dalam darah, kadar hemoglobin, lama kerja dan kebiasaan merokok, polisi lalu lintas Background : Lead is one of poisonous substances that can affect human’s health. This health effect is accumulative. The first effect of chronic lead poisoning is heme biosynthetic disorder. Aim: The aim of the research is to investigate the blood lead profile of traffic police and its relation to the hemoglobin level. Method: This observational research with a cross sectional approach included 90 traffic polices who had duty at the streets throughout Semarang. Data collection was conducted by interview, the blood lead level was analyzed by FAAS (Flame Emission Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) and the hemoglobin level was analyzed by cyanmethemoglobin method. Hypothesis testing was conducted by Rank Spearman correlation tests. Results: The results showed that 6.7% subjects had higher than normal blood lead level (>25 µg/dL). The mean blood lead level of the subjects was 13,03 ± 6,24 µg/dL, which was categorized as normal. The mean hemoglobin level was 15,40 ± 1,03 g/dL. Only 1.1% of the subjects suffered from anemia. There was no correlation between the work span, smoking habit and the blood lead level (p >0,05). However, there was a trend, which showed that the longer the work span, the higher the blood lead level. There was no correlation between the blood lead level and the hemoglobin level (p >0,05). There was a trend, which showed that the higher blood lead level, the lower the hemoglobin level. Conclusion : There is no correlation between the blood lead level and the hemoglobin level on traffic police in Semarang.