ANALISIS PENERAPAN METODE KAPORITISASI SEDERHANA TERHADAP KUALITAS BAKTERIOLOGIS AIR PMA

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Kualitas bakteriologis air adalah merupakan parameter yang disyaratkan dalam Permenkes 416 Th 1990 dan Kepmenkes 907 Th 2002. Kualitas bakteriologis air yang jelek akan menimbulkan dampak penularan penyakit melalui air. Fakta di lapangan, sebagian besar kualitas bakteriologis air di Indonesia masih jelek. Di daratan Flores, khususnya di Boawae sebagian besar memanfaatkan air dari PMA yang belum dilakukan pengolahan dengan baik. Hasil kegiatan monitoring kualitas air PMA Boawae menunjukkan kualitas bakteriologis yang jelek, kandungan MPN Coli sebesar 210 Kol/ 100 ml sampel. Salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan kualitas bakteriologis adalah dengan proses chlorinasi pada air PMA. Tujuan: Menganalisis perbedaan kualitas fisika-kimia dan bakteriologis air PMA setelah dilakukan kaporitisasi dengan 3 metode (Tabung Tunggal, Tabung Berlapis dan Tabung Tetes) Metode: Jenis penelitian Eksperimental dengan one group and after intervention design. Jumlah sampel 270 sampel : 30 sampel air baku, 120 sampel air sebelum perlakuan dan 120 sampel sesudah perlakuan. Sampel fisika-kimia dan sampel bakteriologis diperiksa sesuai dengan prosedur pemeriksaan laboratorium. Data dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat dengan uji Kruskal Wallis dan uji Cochran. Hasil: Dari hasil perlakuan tabung tunggal, tabung berlapis dan tabung tetes menunjukkan ada perbedaan parameter yaitu: pH,TDS,Chlor, Fe, Mn, NO2 , NO3 , CaCO3 , total Coliform dan E.Coli pada α 5% dengan p value yang sama besar yaitu p=0,0001. Berdasar parameter Chlor, total Coliform dan E.Coli keandalan alat yang paling bagus adalah tabung berlapis (α= 5% ; df=2 ; p=0,0001 ). Saran: Dinas Kesehatan Kab.Ngada lebih intensif dalam melakukan kegiatan monitoring kualitas air PMA, sehingga deteksi dini pencemaran dan faktor penyebab bisa dipantau cepat dan efektif. Background: Water bacteriological quality is a parameter required by Permenkes 416 year of 1990 and Kepmenkes 907 year of 2002. The water bacteriological quality is bad will be cause water borne disease. From fact in the field, most of water bacteriological quality in Indonesia is still bad. In Flores land area, especially in Boawae the most used water from PMA are not passed by the good tretment water. Result of water quality monitoring program in Boawae, indicating that the bacteriological quality is bad, where the MPN Coli Content is 210 Col/100 ml sample. One of the alternatives to improve bacteriological quality is by using chlorination process of the PMA water. Objevtive: Analyze the quality difference between physic-chemist parameter and bacteriological parameter PMA water after has chlorinated treatment by using three methods (of Single Tube, Layered Tube and Molasses Tube). Methods: The research is experimental sort with one group and after intervention design. Number of sample is 270: 30 samples of PMA water control, 120 samples before treatment and 120 samples after treatment. The physic-chemist sample and bacteriological sample has examinate according to examination procedure in laboratory. Data was analyzed using method of univariate, bivariate and multivariate as Kruskal Wallis test and Cochran test. Results: From the treatment of single tube, layered tube and molasses tube it is found that there are difference between parameters of pH, TDS, Chlor, Fe, Mn, NO2 , NO3 , CaCO3 , Coliform total and E.Coli with α 5% using the same similar p value that is p=0,0001. Based on parameter of Chlor, Coliform total and E.Coli, the better suitable device treatment is Layered Tube (α 5% & df =2 ; p=0,0001). Suggestion: Health Office and Government in Ngada Regency should give priority to program monitoring of PMA water quality, therefore the early detection for contamination and caused factors can be monitored by quickly and effectively.