WANYI RIHI, MERY (2006) KEDUDUKAN ANAK ANGKAT MENURUT HUKUM WARIS ADAT BALI ( STUDI KASUS DI KELURAHAN SESETAN, KECAMATAN DENPASAR SELATAN, KOTA DENPASAR DAN PENGADILAN NEGERI DENPASAR ). Masters thesis, program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
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Abstract
Kedudukan anak angkat dalam hukum waris adat umumnya ditentukan oleh sistem hukum dalam proses pengangkatan anak, sistem kekeluargaan dan sistem pewarisan yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Sesetan, Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan, Kota Denpasar yang meliputi Banjar, Gaduh dan Banjar Lantang Bejuh. Adapun pertimbangannya bahwa di dua banjar tersebut paling banyak anggota banjar yang mengangkat anak dibandingkan di tempat lain di Kota Denpansar. Selain itu dilakukan penelitian di Pengadilan Negeri Denpasar untuk mencari data sekunder berupa penetapan Pengadilan Negeri tentang pengangkatan anak. 5 responden di pilih secara porpusive snow ball dari masyarakat adat Sesetan yaitu orang tua angkat yang pernah mengangkat anak laki-laki dan perempuan dan anak angkat yang pernah membagi / menerima warisan di Banjar Gaduh dan Banjar Bejuh di Kelurahan Sesetan, Kecamatan Denpasar Selatan, Kota Denpasar. Selanjutnya data-data yang diperoleh akan dianalisa dengan metode deskriptif yuridis analistis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkembangannya anak yang diangkat tidak mesti dari clan sendiri. Hal ini disebabkan alasan pengangkatan anak selain untuk mendapatkan keturunan juga dilandasi oleh rasa kemanusiaan dan untuk kesejahteraan si anak. Apabila anak yang diangkat anak perempuan maka statusnya dirubah menjadi sentana rajeg yaitu menjadi anak laki-laki dalam hal menerima harta warisan orang tuanya. Proses pengangkatan anak dilakukan oleh masyarakat Adat Sesetan dengan upacara adat yaitu upacara pemerasan dan siar diikuti dengan pembuatan surat peras. Peranan pejabat umum dalam hal ini notaris diganti oleh kepala desa dalam membuat surat peras sebagai alat bukti tertulis adanya pengangkatan anak bagi masyarakat setempat Hubungan kekeluargaan anak angkat dengan orang tua kandungnya putus dan dia memasuki kekerabatan orang tua angkatnya. Kedudukan anak angkat dalam keluarga orang tua angkatnya adalah sebagai anak kandung, sehingga berfungsi sebagai pelanjut keturunan dan berkedudukan sebagai ahli waris. Dengan ketentuan anak angkat dari clan sendiri mewarisi semua harta warisan orang tua angkatnya termasuk harta pusaka. Sebaliknya anak angkat bukan dari clan sendiri hanya mewarisi harta guna kaya (harta pencaharian) orang tua angkatnya, harta pusaka kembali kepada asalnya. Anak angkat tersebut tidak berhak mewaris terhadap harta peninggalan dari orang tua kandungnya oleh karena hubungan kekeluargaannya telah terputus. Typically, the status of adopted children within inheritance traditional law is determined by legal system applied during the process of children adoption, family system and inheritance system applied. The present research was carried out in Sesetan village, South Denpasar sub district. Denpasar municipality involved Banjar Gaduh and Banjar Lantang Bejuh. It was based on the fact that in both of Banjars more number of members adopted children and of the adopted children received inheritances compared to their counterparts did in Denpasar Munucupality. In addition, the research was also conducted in Denpasar Court of First Instance to obtain secondary data, i.e. decisions on children adoption that Court of First Instance issued. A total of 10 respondent were selected with purposive snow ball method from traditonal community of Sesetan ; they were adopting parents who had ever involved in adoption process and adopted children who received inheritance in Banjar Gaduh and Banjar Bejuh, Sesetan village, South Denpasar sub district. Denpasar municipality. Data collected, then, were analyzed with descriptive juridical analytic method. Results indicated that in later development children were not necessarily adopted from their own clans. It was due to that such an adoption was not only performed for obtaining offspring, but it was carried out for humanity reasons and for the prosperity of children. When the adopted were girls, their status changed to sentana rajeg, i.e. they were treated as sons completed with the right of receiving inheritances from their parents. Traditional community of Sesetan performed adoption process by holding traditional rituals, i.e. peras and siar rituals followed with the issuance of peras letter. The role of public official, in this case the role of notary, was taken over by the head of village as tradisional leader who issued the letter of peras as proof document of children adoption for local community ( Balinesse Hindu community). No familial relationship existed between the adopted children with their own parents anymore and they belonged to the kinship of their new adopting parents. Their adopting parents treated them as their adopting parents. It was stated that adopted children from their own clan inherited all inheritances included harta pusaka (legacy) from their adopting parents. On the other hand, those from outer clan just inherited harta guna kaya (common property = harta Pencaharian) from their adopting parents ; and harta pusaka returned to the origin. They were not eligible to inherit the inheritance of their own parents since no kinship relationship between them existed any more.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Notary |
ID Code: | 15725 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 2 |
Deposited On: | 06 Jul 2010 08:49 |
Last Modified: | 06 Jul 2010 08:49 |
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