PENGARUH BOBOT POTONG TERHADAP KUALITAS DAN HASIL KARKAS SAPI BRAHMAN CROSS [The Effect of Slaughter Weight on Carcass Quality and Carcass Yield of Brahman Cross Cattle]

Abstract

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh bobot potong terhadap kualitas dan hasil karkas pada sapi Brahman Cross. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode observasi. Sapi Brahman Cross yang digunakan untuk diteliti ditentukan dengan cara mengambil sampel secara acak sistematik. Data dianalisis dengan metode sidik ragam klasifikasi satu arah. Bobot potong yang diteliti terdiri atas 4 kelompok, yaitu: 1) 300-320 kg, 2) 350-370 kg, 3) 400-420 kg, 3) 450-470 kg, masing-masing diulang 5 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas karkas yaitu bobot dan persentase, serta indeks perdagingan karkas pada bobot potong 450–470 kg sangat nyata (P<0.01) lebih tinggi dibandingkan bobot potong 300-320 kg, 350- 370 kg, dan 400-420 kg. Skor shear force’s pada bobot potong 450–470 kg sangat nyata (P<0.01) lebih tinggi dibandingkan bobot potong 300-320 kg, 350-370 kg, dan 400-420 kg. Peningkatan bobot potong diikuti oleh peningkatan skor marbling. Namun demikian tidak disertai dengan peningkatan yield grade. Simpulan bahwa kualitas dan hasil karkas sapi Brahman Cross hasil pengegemukan dipengaruhi oleh bobot potong. Bobot potong 450-470 kg menghasilkan kualitas dan hasil karkas yang lebih baik. Kata kunci : bobot potong, Brahman Cross, karkas ABSTRACT This experiment was conducted to study the effect of slaughter weight on carcass quality and carcass yield on Brahman Cross cattle. The research was done by observation method. Brahman Cross cattle was chosen by systematic random sampling. The data were analyzed by one way classification analysis of variance, followed with Duncan test. This research analyzed the slaughter weight with 4 categories, i.e. : 1) 330-320 kg, 2) 350-370 kg, 3) 400-420 kg, and 4) 450-470 kg, and repeated 5 times. The results of this research showed that carcass quality i.e. weight, percentage and fleshing index of carcass were found highest on 450 to 470 kg of slaughter weight (P<0.01) compared to the other groups. Shear force score were found highest on 450 to 470 kg of slaughter weight (P<0.01) compared to the other groups. Marbling score increased similarly with slauhgter weight, but not yield grade score. It was concluded that carcass quality and carcass yield were influenced by the slaughter weight. Slaughter weight of 450-470 kg in Brahman Cross cattle produced the best carcass quality and carcass yield. Keywords : slaughter’s weight, Brahman Cross, carcass