Sinthamurniwaty, Sinthamurniwaty (2006) FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN DIARE AKUT PADA BALITA (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Semarang). Masters thesis, Program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
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Abstract
Latar belakang : Penyakit Diare merupakan penyebab kesakitan dan kematian di Negara berkembang. Di Indonesia penyakit diare merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat, karena tingginya angka kesakitan dan angka kematian terutama pada balita. Berdasarkan SDKI tahun 2002 didapatkan insidens diare sebesar 11 %, 55 % dari kejadian diare terjadi pada golongan balita dengan angka kematian diare pada balita sebesar 2,5 per 1000 balita. Di Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2002 ditemukan 223.841 kasus diare pada semua golongan umur dimana 43,27 % (96.866 kasus) merupakan kasus balita. Dari hasil survai tahun 2003 di Jawa Tengah didapatkan angka kesakitan diare pada balita sebesar 25,5 % dan angka kematiannya sebesar 1,2 per 1.000 balita.Pada balita terjadinya diare banyak dipengaruhi oleh daya tahan tubuh balita, pola asuh balita, kebersihan lingkungan dan perilaku ibu/pengasuh balita. Tujuan : membuktikan faktor-faktor risiko karakteristik, perilaku pencegahan dan lingkungan apa yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian diare pada balita. Metode penelitian : Desain penelitian dengan menggunakan studi kasus kontrol dengan sampel 144 kasus dan 144 kontrol. Kelompok kasus ditetapkan berdasarkan hasil diagnosa medis/paramedis yang ditemukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bergas, kabupaten Semarang pada bulan Maret s/d Juni 2005 sedangkan kontrol yaitu balita yang selama 3 bulan terakhir tidak menderita diare di wilayah kerja puskesmas. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, analisis bivariat dengan chi square test dan analisis multivariat dengan menggunakan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian diare pada balita berdasarkan analisis multivariat adalah umur balita 0 – 24 bulan (OR = 3,183 ; 95 % CI : 1,783-5,683), status gizi rendah (OR = 4,213 ; 95 % CI = 2,297-7,726), tingkat pendidikan pengasuh rendah (OR = 2,747 ; 95 % CI = 1,367-5,521) dan tidak memanfaatkan sumber air bersih (OR = 2,208 ; 95 % CI = 1,159-4,207). Probabilitas individu untuk terkena diare pada balita adalah sebesar 84,08 %. Kesimpulan : Faktor-faktor risiko yang terbukti berpengauh terhadap kejadian diare pada balita adalah umur 0 – 24 bulan, status gizi yang rendah, tingkat pendidikan pengasuh yang rendah dan tidak memanfaatkan sumber air bersih. Background. Diarrhea caused sickness and death in developing country. Diarrhea is one of public health problem in Indonesia, because the number of ilness and death is high especially on chidren under five years. Based on SDKI 2002 there was diarrhea incidence as big as 11 %, 55 % of the occurrence happens to children under five years with the death rate 2,5 per 1.000 children. In 2002 in Central Java was found 223.841 diarrhea cases on all ages and 43,27 % (96.866 cases) were children cases. Based on the survey outcome in 2003 in Central Java there were 25,5 % children under five years suffer from diarrhea and the death rate of children under five years was 1,2 per 1.000. Diarrhea on children under five years is influenced by children body resistance, nurture system, environmental cleanliness and mother behaviour/ nursemaid behaviour. Objectives. To prove factors of characteristic risk prevention act and what kind of environment which influence diarrhea on children under five years. Methods. It use Case Control Study as a research design with 144 sample cases and 144 control. Case category is determined by doctors/nurses diagnose that was found in Bergas public health center Semarang in research zone in March until June 2005 while control is determined by doctors/nurses diagnose to children under five years who do not suffer from diarrhea for the last 3 months in public health center research zone. The data analysis in done in univariat, bivariat (Chi square test) and multivariat analysis use double logistic regression. Results. The output of research shows risk factors that influence diarrhea on children under five years based on multivariat analysis is 0-24 months children (OR = 3,183; 95 % CI = 1,783 – 5, 683), low nutrition status (OR = 4,213; 95 % CI = 2,297 – 7,726), low education nursemaid (OR = 2,747; 95 % CI = 1,367 – 5,521) and they who do not use clean water source (OR = 2,208; 95 % CI = 1,159 – 4,207). The probability of individual to suffer from diarrhea on children under five years is 84,08 %. Conclusions. Risk Factors which are proven that influence diarrhea occurrence on children under five years are 0-24 months children, low nutrition status, low education nursemaid and society that use clean water source.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Epidemiology |
ID Code: | 15323 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 2 |
Deposited On: | 29 Jun 2010 13:05 |
Last Modified: | 29 Jun 2010 13:05 |
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