Prevalensi Kuman ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase) dari Material Darah di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Tahun 2004-2005

Abstract

Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum 􀁅-Lactamases (ESBL)-bacteria of Blood Isolates in Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang 2004–2005 Background: Prevalence of ESBL bacteria varies among hospitals, which its resistance could be spread to other bacteria; causes infections with a high morbidity and mortality. There were no data of ESBL prevalence and its distribution within Dr. Kariadi hospital wards. Objective of the study were to determine the prevalence, distribution and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of ESBL bacteria in Dr. Kariadi hospital. Methods: Retrospective study was used on laboratory records of in-patients at Clinical Microbiology Laboratory during 2004–2005. Blood culture was inoculated into BACTEC bottle medium, incubated at 370C, isolated, identified and examined for antibiotic susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer method. Inclusion criteria were gram negative bacteria subjected to ESBL screening by cefotaxime, ceftazidime or ceftriaxone disc. Samples without clinical informations were excluded. Results: Four thousand three hundred and fifty blood samples were examined during 2 years periode with culture positive rate was 34.76% consist of gram negative bacteria 59.6% in which ESBL bacteria was 50.6%. ESBL bacteria significantly high recovered from intensive wards. Predominance bacteria were Ps. aeruginosa (50.9%), E. aerogenes (37.5%) and E. coli (8.7%). Sensitivity patterns to meropenem >82.2%, quinolone >65.6% except Ps. aeruginosa 52.5%, fosfomisin >74% except Ps. aeruginosa 15.5%, amikacin >82% except Ps. aeruginosa 20.6%. Conclusions: Bacterial culture positive rate was 34.76% with predominance bacteria was gram negative bacteria (59.6%), in which ESBL detected in 50.6%. The most predominance bacteria were Ps. aeruginosa, E. aerogenes and E. coli. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns mostly sensitive to meropenem, aminoglycocide and quinolone.