HUBUNGAN STATUS PROTEIN, BESI, SENG, VITAMIN A, FOLAT DAN ANTHROPOMETRI IBU HAMM TRIMESTER II DENGAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH (Relationship protein, iron, zinc, vitamin A, folate and anthropometry of second trimester pregnant with low birth weight)

Abstract

WHO predicts that 16% of babies in all over the world weigth less tha 2500g. The prevalence of BBLR in Indonesia is quite high, 8,0-14,0% all babies that savely born. Several factors effecting the BBLR are the short duration of pregnancy, the slow growth of intranuterine, the pregnant women's nutrient condition. The economic and social status, the environment and also perinatal care. This present research aims to find out any relationship between protein, iron, zinc, vitamin A, folated and anthropometry status of second trimester pregnant, with low birth weight. The research done at Karangawen, was designed case control study. There are 48 respondents are the sample, consist of 12 respondents with BBLR case and 36 respondents with BBLN control. BBLR stated as the dependent variable while protein, iron, zinc, folic acid and anthropometri status are as the in independent variable. The data analysis will be done through univariant, bivariant, and multivariant: From all the 48 respondents, there are 14 persons (29,2%) less than 20 years old and one per ten of the respondents didn't complete their primary school. Based on the data, it is reported that one of them suffer from protein and folat deficiency. There are 20 respondents (41,7%) suffer from ferritine deficiency, and ferritine status is not the risk factor of BBLR. Nineteen respondents ( 39,6%) suffer from anemia, and anemia is not the risk factor of BBLR. The ones who suffer from Zn deficiency is 27 respondents (56,3%) and Zn is not the risk factor of BBLR. Seven respondents (19,6%) suffer from vitamin A deficiency, and vitamin A is not the risk factor of BBLR. There are 21 respondents (43,0%) of low LILA. The risk factor of low LILA to BBLR is six times more (OR: 6,00; 95%; CI: 1,367-26,332). 8 respondents (16,7%) are consider short. The risk factor of low TB to BBLR is almost eigth times more (OR: 7,857; 95%; CI:1,513-40,806). WHO memperkirakan bahwa di seluruh dunia, 16 % dari semua bayi lahir mempunyai berat < 2500 gram. Prevalensi BBLR di Indonesia cukup tinggi yaitu 8,0¬14,0% dari bayi yang dilahirkan hidup. BBLR dapat disebabkan oleh umur kehamilan yang pendek, pertumbuhan intrauterin yang lambat, status gizi ibu hamil, status social ekonomi ibu hamil, lingkungan dan layanan perinatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara status protein, Fe, Zn, vitamin A, folat dan antropometri ibu hamil trimester II dengan BBLR. Penelitian ini dialakukan di Kecamatan Karangawen. Desain penelitian dengan rancangan case control study. Jtunlah sampel 48 responden, dengan menetapkan kasus (BBLR) 12 responden dan kontrol (BBLN) 36 responden (kasus:kontrol=1:3). BBLR ditetapkan sebagai variabel tergantung dan status protein, Fe, Zn, vitamin A, folat, dan antropometri sebagai variabel bebas.. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Dan 48 responden, usia ibu hamil sebelum 20 th sebanyak 14 responden (29,2%). Tingkat pendidikan rendah, sepersepuluh responden tidak lulus sekolah dasan. Dan data dilaporkan bahwa tidak ada ibu hamil yang defisiensi protein dan defisiensi folat. Ibu hamil yang defiesiensi feritin 20 responden (41,7%) dan status feritin tidak merupakan faktor risiko terhadap BBLR. Thu hamil yang anemi 19 responden ( 39,6%) dan anemi tidak merupakan faktor risiko terhadap BBLR. Ibu hamil yang defisiensi Zn 27 responden (56,3%) dan status Zn tidak merupakan faktor risiko terhadap BBLR. Ibu hamil yang defisiensi vitamin A 7 responden (14,6%) dan status vitamin A tidak merupakan faktor risiko terhadap BBLR. Ibu hamil yang LILA nya rendah 21 responden (43,8%). Besar risiko LILA rendah terhadap BBLR adalah enam kali lipat (OR=6,00; 95%; CI:1,367-26,332). Ibu hamil dengan tinggi badan rendah 8 responden (16,7%). Besar risiko TB rendah terhadap BBLR hampir delapan kali lipat (OR=7,857; 95%; CI= 1,513-40,806).