KAJIAN AWAL SINTESIS BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK DEDAK DAN METANOL MELALUI EKSTRAKSI DAN PROSES ESTERIFIKASI

Abstract

Biodiesel is an alternative fuel, produced by renewable resources. It is produced from vegetable oils, animal fats, or waste cooking oils and fats, by esterification with alcohol. It is can be used in existing diesel engines without any expensive modifications. The rice bran oil can used to be biodiesel because contains the free fatty acids. Improvement of free fatty acids rapidly happen because there is an active lipase enzim in rice bran after milling process, consequently it can be converted to become metyl ester by esterification process. Esterification is a reaction from free fatty acids with alcohol to become ester and water. This research intends to know the optimal condition of the operation ( time, temperature and solvent ratio ). Esterification produce metyl ester as biodiesel. The constant variable that is used is rate of mixer with 4 scale. The quantity of HCl is 1 % volume. The manipulated variable at ekstraction step is ratios of rice bran to methanol, they are 1:4; 1:6; 1:8 and at esterification step is the temperatures, they are 40; 50 and 60 0C and the time they are 15; 30; 45; 60; 75 and 90 minute. It can be concluded that ratio of rice bran to methanol 1 : 6 at 60 minute and 60 0C gives maximal is 64,28 %.