HUBUNGAN PEMAPARAN PARTIKEL TIMAH HITAM (Pb) UDARA dengan Pb DARAH dan KADAR HAEMOGLOBIN (Hb) pada PEKERJA INDUSTRI PELEBURAN TIMAH HITAM LAILA FAIZAIL RELATION BETWEEN AIR LEAD (Pb) PARTICLES CONCENTRATION WITH BLOOD LEAD (Pb) CONCENTRATION AND HAEMOGLOBIN LEVEL ON LEAD DISSOLUTION ON LEAD (Pb) DISSOLUTION INDUSTRY WORKERS

Abstract

Lead (Pb) dissolution industry is very potential to pollute surrounding environment. Pollution was caused by Pb and SO2 dust content on air, which are very dangerous for human health. Supporting by complaint from citizen surrounding the lead dissolution industry (bed smell,out of breath, lungs spot, and dirty cloth when dried), this research was conducted to identify the relationship between air lead (Pb) particles with blood lead and haemoglobin level dissorder on lead dissolution industry workers. This research was conducted at PT Jasa Timbal in industry street Mini Industrial Estate Bugangan Baru Semarang subyect, this research was 32 workers as total population with minimum work for 6 months. Independent variables was the concentration of air lead in the working environment and the dependent variables were the concentration of lead in blood and the level of haemoglobin workers. This research is an analytical observational suevey, with cross sectional approach. Based on former survey. It was identified that air lead level was more than standard limit value, environment sanitation was very bad and workers condition were in pali and thin condition The results of this research show that there is a relationship between air lead before process with worker's blood lead level, with correlation coefficient value =- 0,368 and p = 0,038 is significant. The results also show that there is relationship between air lead in proces level with decreasing of blood haemoglobin level, with correlation coefficient value = - 0,335 and p = 0,061,which means there is significant Hb decreasing. This research suggest to study more about air lead particles exposure, blood lead and haemoglobin by research with the improvement of technology process.By this design, that air pollution can be minimized, and development of lead level increasing, besides haemoglobin level decreasing can be measured continuously by periodical medical check up. Industri peleburan timah hitarn(Pb) sangat potensial mencemari lingkungan kerja maupun sekitarnya akibat adanya debu Pb & SO2 diudara yang sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia. Adanya keluhan dad warga ( rasa tidak nyaman,"flek paru" dan pakaian yang dijemur berwarna hitam) bersumber pada keberadaan industri peleburan timah hitam tersebut, sehingga peneliti tertarik untuk mengetahui adakah hubungan pemaparan partikel Pb udara dan Pb darah dengan gangguan haemoglobin (Hb) pada pekerja industri tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di P.T. Jasa Timbal di jl. Industri 111/48 — 49 Lingkungan Industri Kecil Bugangan Baal Semarang dengan karyawan sebagai responden sejumlah 32 orang (Total populasi) selama 6 bulan dengan pemeriksaan kadar Pb,Hb dalam darah dan wawancara sebagai data pendukung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Berdasarkan survey pendahuluan diketahui bahwa kadar Pb udara diatan N.A.B., sanitasi lingkungan tidak diperhatikan dan karyawan kurus serta pucat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan kadar Pb udara sebelum proses dengan kadar Pb dalam darah karyawan koeffisien korelasi sebesar 0,368 dengan pr),038 dengan peningkatan yang signifikan, juga kadar Pb udara dengan penurunan kadar Hb dalam darah dengan koeffisien korelasi sebesar — 0,335 dan p= 0,061, jadi ada penurunan Hb yang signifikan. Kepada peneliti berikutnya yang ingin mengkaji lebih dalam tentang paparan partikel Pb udara, Pb darah dan gangguan haemoglobin (Hb) dengan memperbaiki teknologi proses (pengolahan gas buang) agar pencemaran udara dapat dikendalikan atau meminimasi limbah timah hitam diruang kerja sehingga diharapkan para pekerja lebih tenang. Kesehatan pekerja diharapkan lebih diperhatikan dengan melakukan medical check up secara periodik.