PENGARUH ASRAMA ATLET SEPAKBOLA TERHADAP STATUS GIZI ( INDEKS MASSA TUBUH, KADAR HEMOGLOBIN ), AKTIVITAS FISIK, DAN KESEGARAN JASMANI THE INFLUENCE OF BOARDING SCHOOL OF FOOTBALL ATHLETES TO NUTRITIONAL STATUS ( BODY MASS INDEX, HAEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION), PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND PHYSICAL FITNESS

Abstract

Background: Football in Indonesia is still an apprehensive condition. One of underlyingthe factors k; ff,o low level physical fitness among the football athletes. To increase his physical fitness, an athlete has to be in a "good" nutritional status. There are two types of football athlete in Indonesian football training method Le one with boarding school and one without boarding schooL Unfortunately, there are no studies yet about the influence of boarding school of football athletes to the nutritional status (body mass index, haemoglobin concentration), physical activity, and physical fitness. Objective: To analyse the influence of boarding school to nutritional status (body mass index, haemoglobin concentration), physical activity, and physical fitness of football athletes in Salatiga football club.. Study Design: This is a descriptive, analytic study with cross sectional study. The population of the football athletes with boarding school is the whole football athletes in Apac Inti (n = 28). Meanwhile the football athletes without boarding school, taken by purposive sampling method, are chosen from one of the five football club in accordance with inclusive and exclusive sampling criteria (n=27) Result: Th2 highest percentage of the BMI of the athletes with boarding school is on "good" level (BMI 21.25 ± 1.59), whereas among the athletes without boarding school, it is on "sufficient" one (BMI 19,68±1,23). The Hb concentration of both athletes is "normal"( 12-15 g/ dL). The highest percentage of physical activity of both athletes in on "moderate" one (KM 1.76 — 2.09). All athletes with boarding school (100%) have "very good" physical fitness, while the athletes without boarding school ham respectively " very good"(44.4 %) and" good"( 55.6 %) physical fitness. Conclusion and Recommendation: There is influence of boarding school to the BMI (p=0,000), and physical fitness (p = 0,000) of both football athletes, but there is no influence to the Hb concentration (p = 0.729) and physical activity (p = a 624) of them. It is necessary to study further the question about the differences in the BMI and physical fitness between both types of football athletes. Latar belakang: Olahraga sepak bola di Indonesia masih memprihatinkan. Salah satunya disebabkan rendahnya kesegaran jasmani yang diperlukan untuk aktivitas fisik. Untuk menaikkan kesegaran jasmani diperlukan status gizi yang baik. Dalam pembinaan atlet sepak bola terdapat atlet yang diasrama dan tidak diasrama. Namun hal ini belum pernah ada evaluasi mengenai pengaruh asrama atlet sepak bola terhadap status gizi ( I MT, kadar Hb ), aktiyitas fisik, dan kesegaran jasmani. Tujuan penelitian: Untuk melihat pengaruti asrama atlet sepak bola terhadap status gizi (IMT, kadar Hb), aktivitas fisik, dan kesegaran jasmani pada klub sepakbola di Salatiga. Rancangan penelitian: jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik. Rancangan penelitian menurut waktunya adalah penelitian cross sectional study. Populasi atlet yang diasrama yaitu seluruh atlet sepakbola di Apac Intl (n = 28), untuk atlet yang tidak diasrama diambil secara purposif sampling yaitu dari 5 klub diambil 1 klub (n = 27) yang memenuhi kriteria sampel inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil Penelitian: IMT atlet yang diasrama persentasi terbesar pada status gizi"baik" (IMT 21.25 ± 1,59), sedangkan atlet yang tidal< diasrama pada status gizi cukup (IMT19,68± 1,23),kadar Hbnya pada semua atlet diasrama dan tidak diasrama memiliki status gizi normal (12-15g IdL), Aktivitas fisik atlet yang diasrama dan tidak diasrama persentasi terbesar pada aktivitas fisik" sedang "(KM 1,76 — 2,09), sementara kesegaran jasmani pada atlet yang diasrama semuanya(100%) memiliki thgkat kesegaran jasmani "baik sekali", sedangkan atlet yang tidak diasrama tingkat kesegaran jasmani"baik sekali" 44,4 % dan" baik" 55,6 %. Kesimpulan dan Saran: Ada pengaruh asrama atlet sepak bola terhadap IMT( p=0,000) dan kesegaran jasmani(p = 0,000) tetapi terhadap kadar Hb (p=0,729) dan aktivitas fisik p= 0,624 tidak ada pengaruh. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai penyebab perbedaan IMT dan kesegaran jasmani antara atlet yang diasrama dan tidak diasrama.