The Effects of Gorgonian Isis hippuris on Histologic Grade Score of Adenocarcinoma Mammae Tissue in C3H Mice Strain

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Gorgonian Isis hippuris is marine organism which its secondary metabolits compounds was predicted to have a role in cytotoxic activity that can be developed to be anticancer. In-vitro research proved anticancer activity of Isis hippuris. The aim of this study was to find out the effects of Gorgonian Isis hippuris extract in graded doses on histologic grade score of adenocarcinoma mammae tissue in C3H mice strain. Methods: This experimental study utilized post test only control group design. Twenty C3H mice strain were divided into 4 groups. Treatment groups (P1, P2, and P3) received 500 mg of food pellets that contained 0.15 mg; 1.5 mg; and 15 mg of Isis hippuris extract. The control group (C) received no treatment. Treatment was routinely done for 3 weeks. Then all groups were inoculated with adenocarcinoma mammae and the treatment were continued. After another three weeks, all mice were terminated and operated to remove their tumors. Histologic grade score of adenocarcinoma mammae tissues were observed and scored according to Elston and Ellis modification of the Scarff-Bloom-Richardson. Results: The highest mean of histologic grades score of adenocarcinoma mammae was 5.32 (SD 0.61) on C group while the lowest was 4.02 (SD 0.08) on P3 group. Kruskal Wallis Test presented significant differences with p value was 0.008 (p<0.05). There were significant differences between C group and P1 group (p=0.009), C group and P2 group (0.012); and also C group and P3 group (p=0.009). However, there were no significant differences among treatment groups. Conclusion: Gorgonian Isis hippuris extract could decrease histologic grade score of adenocarcinoma mammae tissue in C3H strain mice. Gorgonian Isis hippuris extract could decrease histologic grade score of adenocarcinoma mammae tissue in C3H mice at any doses were used in this experiment.