PERAN FAKTOR INTRINSIK DAN EKSTRINSIK PETUGAS KESEHATAN PUSKESMAS DALAM PRAKTEK KEGIATAN PENYULUHAN DI KOTA SURAKARTA (The Role of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors of Health Workers at The Health Center in Practicing of Extension Activities at Surakarta City)

Abstract

Nowadays, health development based on healthy paradigm is a priority. Therefore, the role of health workers at the Health Center specifically at promotion unit is very important. There have been many barriers to reach the target. It is specifically related to the qualities of human resources included intrinsic and extrinsic factors of health workers at the Health Center. The aim of this research is to know the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic factors of health workers at the Health Center with the practice of extension activities at Surakarta City. This is explanatory research using cross sectional approach and survey method. The population of this research were all health workers at the Health Center who do the activities of public health extension (PKM). The number of samples were 60 persons. Data was collected by interview using the questioners. The result of this research shows that the intrinsic factors, which have no significant relationship with the practice of extension activities, are the age (p = 0.844), the education (p = 0.812), the work period (p = 0.302), and the attitude (p = 0.849). The knowledge has significant relationship with the practice of extension activities (p = 0.006). The extrinsic factors, which have no significant relationship with the practice of extension activities, are the salary (p = 0.744), and the colleague (p = 0.304). The leadership style (p value = 0.001), and the appreciation (p = 0.048) have significant relationship with the practice of extension activities. Based on multivariate analysis, it is known that only the leadership style variable (p = 0.0110), which can be a variable. Conclusion, it needs to increase the human resources (SDM) at the Health Center level. It needs to increase the establishment frequencies by District Health Office. It needs management system to increase the work instruments and the work performance. For other researchers, it needs to research other factors of health workers motivation in practicing of public health extension activities. Pembangunan Kesehatan berwawasan paradigma sehat dewasa ini menjadi prioritas . Untuk itu peran petugas kesehatan Puskesmas khususnya dalarn bidang promotif menjadi penting. Terdapat beberapa hambatan dalam pencapaian upaya tersebut. Khususnya berkaitan dengan kualitas sumber daya manusia (SDM), termasuk di dalamnya faktor intrinsik dan ektrinsik petugas kesehatan puskesmas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan beberapa faktor intrinsik dan ektrinsik petugas kesehatan puskesmas dengan praktek kegiatan penyuluhan di wilayah Kota Surakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian exspanatory dengan pendekatan crossectional dan metode survey. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh petugas puskesmas yang melaksanakan kegiatan penyuluhan kesehatan masyarakat (PKM) . Sampel yang diambil dengan total populasi sebanyak 60 orang, cara pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan faktor intrinsik yaitu umur (p = 0,844), pendidikan ( p = 0,812), masa kerja (p = 0,302), sikap (p = 0,849 ) terbukti tidak memenuhi hubungan bennakna. Sedangkan pengetahuan ( p = 0,006 ) berhubungan berrnakna. Faktor ektrinsik yaitu gaji/imbalan ( p = 0,744 ), hubungan rekan/ternan kerja (p = 0,304) tidak berhubungan bermakna, sedangkan gaya kepemimpinan (p = 0,001) dan penghargaan (0,048) terbukti bennakna. Hasil analisys multivariat menunjukan gaya kepemimpinan (p = 0,0110)merupakan satu-satunya variabel yang bermakna. Disimpulkan perlunya peningkatan sumber daya manusia (SDM) di tingkat puskesmas. Peningkatan frekquensi pembinaan oleh dinas, peningkatan kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana untuk peningkatan kinerja perlu sistem menejemen . Untuk peneliti lain dapat dikaji lebih lanjut tentang faktor lain dalam motivasi petugas kesehatan dalam praktek kegiatan penyuluhan kesehatan.