HUBUNGAN STATUS VITAMIN A DENGAN INDEKS ANTROPOMETRI ANAK UMUR 24,0 SAMPAI 35,9 BULAN DI BEBERAPA DESA KECAMATAN SUNGAI TABUK KABUPATEN BANJAR KALIMANTAN SELATAN ("Vitamin A status associated with antropometric index children aged 24,0-35,9 months in a few vilagges subdistrict of Sungai Tabuk Regency of Banjar, South Kalimantan ")

Abstract

Background : Vitamine A deficiency is associated with growth retardation and risk of infection diseases. Vitamine A deficiency and growth retardation are important public health problems in developing countries, including Indonesia. Xeropthalmia national survey in 1992 found 50 % of children under five year old had deficiency of vitamine A serum level ( < 20 pg/dl- WHO), and the prevalence were 50.2 % in south Kalimantan. Objective : To find association between vitamine A status and antropometric index of children aged 24.0-35.9 months Method : Cross sectional study, population were the children aged 24.0-35.9 months in the area of study, as many as 88 children were obtained from simple random sampling. Data were analized with using pearson correlation and multiple linier regression. Result : The mean Rethynol level of children is 31,69 pg/dl. Prevalence of Vitamine A deficiency among children is 39,8 %. Multiple Linier regression analisys shows that there are association vitamine A between status and antropometric indeks of WHZ indicator (p < 0,05). Fathers education, family income, acute respiratory illnesses, diarrhea, and birth order are not assiciated with antropometric index of WHZ indicator (p>0,05). Conclusions: Prevalence of vitamine A deficiency and malnutrition is subdustrict of Sungai Tabuk is still high. Children aged 24.0-35.9 months that have vitamine A serum level under sufficiency standar tend to cause wasting. Suggestion : To imfrove dissemination of natural source of vitamine A information and the importance of consuming highly level of vitamine A food sources to community. To intensify vitamine A capsul supplementation in the area with prevalence of malnutrition, especially to malnutrition children. Latar belakang : Kurang vitamin A berkaitan dengan retardasi pertumbuhan dan risiko untuk menderita penyakit infeksi. Kurang vitamin A dan retardasi pertumbuhan merupakan rnasalah kesehatan masyarakat di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Xeropthalmia 1992, 50 anak balita yang mempunyai kadar serum vitamin A di bawah standar kecukupan (<20 pg/c11, WHO), di Kalimantan Selatan 50,2 % anak balita yang kurang vitamin A (<20 pg/d1,). Tujuan : Meneliti hubungan status vitamin A dengan indeks antropometri anak umur 24,0-35,9 bulan. Metode : Rancangan penehtian adalah cross se•tional. Sebagai populasi adalah anak =lir 24,0-35,9 bulan di daerah penelitian, besar sampel 88 anak dipilih secara simple random sampling. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi.(peamon correlation) dan analisis regresi tinier berganda. Hasil : Retinol serum anak rata-rata 31,69 pg/c11. Prevalensi anak yang kurang vitamin A 39,8 %. Analisis regresi linier berganda menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif antara status vitamin A dengan indeks antropometri indikator WHZ (nilai p < 0,05). Pendidikan ayah, pendapatan keluarga, batuk pilek, diare dan urutan kelahiran tidak berbubungan dengan indeks antropometri indikator WHZ (nilai p > 0,05). Kesimpulan: Prevalensi anak yang KVA dan ktirang gin masih tinggi pada anak umur 24,0-35,9 bulan. Anak dengan kadar vitamin A dibawah standar kecukupan dapat menyebabkan anak betbadan kurus. Saran : Penyebarluasan informasi Suvital dan perlunya mengkonsusmsi makanan mengandung vitamin A kepada masyarakat. Intensifikasi asupan kapsul vitamin A di daerah prevalensi kurang gizi dan pada anak yang kurang gizi.