RAHARJO, AGUS (2001) HACKING SEBAGAI FENOMENA CYBERCRIME (Kajian Kriminologis Terhadap Fenomena Hacker hi Cyberspace). Masters thesis, program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
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Abstract
Information technology develops in high speed due to the support of communication and computer technology. Branches of science such as chemistry, physics, biology and mathematics are the basic of such development. Internet is the backbone of information technology which has developed since 1960s as the US counter against its cold war with the Soviet Union. At the beginning internet was used for military, educational and research purposes. Since the invention of World Wide Web which consist of Hypertext Mark Up Language (HTML) documents in 1991, internet begins to be used in various field such as politics, economy, social sciences and culture. . Internet has opened a new horizon for human being because it go beyond interstate border and speed up the spread of information and the exchange of sciences and ideas among the scientist, expert, businessmen and consumers, politician and its supporters. Internet present us new space or world which is called cyberspace. Cyberspace is a our place when we are sailing in the interactive global information named internet. Internet with cyberspace offers us many kinds of hope, pleasure, easiness and adventure such as teleshoping, teleconference, teledildonic, virtual café, virtual architecture, virtual museum, cybersex, cyberparty and cyberorgasm. Internet, besides offering hope and easiness, also arouse fears because internet also offers us the dark side which enables criminals to appear in this global interactive world. We can, among others, name computer criminals, organized crime figures, drug cartels, international money lounderers, hackers and cyberpunks, child pornography and child abduction rings, software piracy, theft of cable services, theft of telephone services, computerized stalking, terrorist rings, narcotics dealing, as well as other forms of criminal activities including plain theft, fraudelent traders and pedophiles. One form of cyberspace crime or cybercrime is hacking which is committed by crackers. Hacking can be categorized as crime because it brings harms both to the public and private interest and is also against the public morality. Since internet can be used for multi purpose, especially politic and businesses, the social construct against hacking is also based on the interest of whose who are involved in the field of business and politics. In Indonesia, there is no exact data about the number of those who haVe become victims of hacking. The victims usually do not have reliable security system so that it is easy for crackers to penetrate them. Efforts to counter hacking are done in two ways: prevention and recovery. Preventive measure is done by installing reliable and tight security system. While recovery measure is in the form of repairing the sites of website which have been the victims of hacking. This is done through various techniques. So fat there has not been any legal protection provided by the government to the victims of hacking in particular and sites and websites owner in general. This is due to two reason, first the government does not have rule which specifically deals with cybercrime (hacking) and second the police does not have the ability to prevent and counter cybercrime. As an effort to protect website owner in the future, the government is creating a cyberlaw is expected to prevent and counter cybercrime. Teknologi informasi berkembang sangat pesat berkat dukungan dari teknologi komunikasi dan teknologi komputer. Kimia, fisika, biologi dan matematika mendasari semua perkembangan itu. Internet merupakan tulang punggung dari teknologi informasi yang telah berkembang sejak tahun. 1960-an sebagai antisipasi Amerika Serikat dalam menghadapi perang dingin dengan Uni Sovyet. Pada mulanya internet digunakan untuk kepentingan militer, pendidikan dan penelitian. Sejak diketemukannya World Wide Web yang terdiri dari dokumen-dokumen Hypertext Mark up Language (HTML) pada 1991, internet mulai digunakan untuk berbagai hal, seperti politik, ekonomi, sosial dan budaya. Internet telah membuka cakrawala baru dalam kehidupan manusia yang rnenjanjikan menembus batas-batas antar negara dan mempercepat penyebaran informasi dan pertukaran ilmu dan gagasan di kalangan ilmuwan dan cendekiawan, pengusaha dan konsumen, politisi dan para pendukungnya. Internet menghadirkan kepada kita ruang atau dunia baru yang dinamakan cyberspace. Cyberspace merupakan tempat kita berada ketika rnengarungi dunia informasi global interaktif yang bernama internet. Internet dengan cyberspace-nya menawarkan kepada manusia berbagai harapan, kesenangan, kemudahan dan pengembaraan seperti teleshoping, teleconference, teledildonic, virtual cafe, virtual architecture, virtual museum, cybersex, cyberparty dan cyberorgasm. Internet, selain menawarkan harapan dan kemudahan, juga menimbulkan kecemasan-kecemasan karena internet juga menghadirkan sisi gelap yang memungkinkan para penjahat hadir di dunia informasi global interaktif ini. Sisi gelap yang hadir antara lain computer criminals, organized crime figures, drug cartels, international money lounderers, hackers and cyberpunks, child pornography and child abduction rings, software piracy, theft of cable services, theft of telephone services, computerized stalking, terrorist rings, narcotics dealing, as well as other forms of criminal activities including plain theft,.fraudelent traders, pedophiles. Salah satu bentuk kejahaan di cyberspace atau cybercrime adalah hacking yang dilakukan oleh cracker. Hacking dapat dikategorikan sebagai kejahatan karena aksinya bertentangan dengan atau merugikan kepentingan umum dan privat serta bertentangan dengan moral masyarakat. Mengingat internet digunakan untuk berbagai hal, terutama politik dan bisnis, maka konstruksi sosial kejahatan terhadap hacking juga didasarkan pada kepentingan-kepentingan dari para pelaku politik dan bisnis. Di Indonesia dapat dijumpai korban-korban hacking yang jumlahnya tidak dapat dipastikan. Para korban umumnya tidak mempunyai sistem keamanan yang baik sehingga mudah ditembus oleh cracker dari luar Upaya untuk mengantisipasi serangan cracker dilakukan melalui dua cara, yaitu preventif dan recovery. Upaya preventif dilakukan dengan memasang sistem keamanan yang baik atau ketat dan upaya recovery berupa pemulihan terhadap situs atau website yang telah menjadi korban hacker dengan berbagai teknik yang ada. Perlindungan hukum yang diberikan oleh pemerintah terhadap korban hacking khususnya dan pemilik situs atau website pada umumnya sampai sekarang tidak ada, yang disebabkan karena dua hal, pertama undang-undang yang secara khusus mengatur mengenai cybercrime (hacking) belum ada dan aparat yang ada (polisi) sampai saat ini belum mempunyai kemampuan yang memadai untuk dapat melakukan pencegahan dan penanggulangan cybercrime. Sebagai upaya dalam rangka melindungi pemilik website di masa mendatang, sampai saat ini pemerintah sedang membuat cyberlmv yang diharapkan dapat mencegah dan menanggulangi cybercriine.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Law |
ID Code: | 13365 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 2 |
Deposited On: | 04 Jun 2010 09:07 |
Last Modified: | 04 Jun 2010 09:07 |
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