PENGGUNAAN KALIANDRA (SALLIANDRA COLOTHYRSUS) SEBAGAI SUBSTITUSI PADA KONSENTRAT PADA PENGGEMUKAN SAPI PERANAKAN FRESION HELSTIEN JANTAN

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to provide the most appropriate diet formula for fattening Friesian Holstein (F1-1) steers. A feed trial was performed for 17 weeks. The steers were adapted to the experimental diets for 2 weeks. and were fed the same diets for further 15 weeks. The study was conducted in a collaboration work with "Makmur Farmers Group" at Tegalombo Village, Kalikajar Sub-District, Wonosobo Recidence. The study used 16 steers of 1.5 year old with 310.69 + 27.64 kg (CV: 9.34%) average initial body weight. The steers were allocatted to receive either one four experimental diets which were KICO (high quality concentrate + King grass),K,C, (high quality concentrate + caliandra + King grass), K2C0 (medium quality concentrate + King grass), or K2C, (medium quality concentrate + caliandra + King grass). The concentrate feeds contained 20.14% crude protein (CP) and 77.82% of total digestible nutrients (TDN), and 17.87% CP and 70 % TDN for high quality and medium quality concentrate, respectively. The experimental diets which were KICo 17,61% CP and 68,37% TDN; K1 CI 18,97% CP and 67,63% TDN; K2C0 15,49% CP and 60,81% TDN; K2C, 16,47% CP dan 58,55% TDN. The present study used a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement 2 x 2. In this study, two concentrate qualities and caliandra substitution were being the factors. Data of weight gain, dry matter and organic matter intakes, CP and TDN consumptions, blood NH3 concentration, total blood N level, and blood volatile fatty acids (VFA) level were collected. The data were analysed using analysis of variance. The differences were examined using the Duncan multiple range test. Results of the study showed that there was no significant (P>0.05) interaction between factors combination on the body weight gain dry matter c:nd organic matter digestibilitition, blood NH3 concentration, blood total N and VFA concentration. However, there was a significant different (P<0.05) in dry matter and organic matter intakes, CP consumption, and TDN consumption. The differences may be due to different effect of concentrate quality and caliandra inclusion. Overall, K2C, was considered to be the most appropriate diet for fattening FH steers. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan formula ransum yang terbaik dalam penggemukan sapi peranakan Friesian Holstein (PFH) jantan. Penelitian dilaksanakan berdasarkan metode eksperimental selama 17 minggu dengan masa pendahuluan 2 minggu dan selama 15 minggu masa pengumpulan data. Kegiatan dilakukan dengan peran serta kelompok tani "Makmur", Desa Tegalombo, Kecamatan Kalikajar, Kabupaten Wonosobo. Enam belas ekor sapi PFH jantan. umur + 1.5 tahun dan rata-rata boboi awal 310,69± 27,64 kg (CV = 9,34%) digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan perlakuan ransum : KICO = konsentrat kualitas tinggi. tanpa kaliandra + rumput raja: I:ICI= konsentrat kualitas tinggi, dengan kaliandra + rumput raja; KC() = konsentrat kualitas sedang tanpa kaiiandra + rumput raja dan K2Ci= konsentrat kualitas sedang. dengan kaliandra + rumput raja. Kandungan protein kasar dan TDN adalah 20.14% dan 77,82% dan 17,87% dan 70% masing-masing untuk konsentrat kualitas tinggi dan konsentrat kualitas sedang. Konsentrat kualitas tinggi mengandung PK 20,14% dan TDN 77,82%, sedangkan konsentrat kualitas sedang mengandung PK 17.87% dan TDN 70%. sehingga ransum KIC0; KICI; K2C0 dan K2C, rrengandung PK benurut-turut 17,6; 18,97; 15,49 dan 16,47% dengan kandungan TDN berturut-turut 68,37; 67,63; 60,81 dan 58,55%. Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) poia faktorial 2x2 dengan 4 kali ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Faktor 1 = kualitas konsentrat, dan faktor II = substitusi kaliandra. Data yang diukur meliputi : a) pertambahan bobot badan ,b) konsumsi bahan kering dan bahan organik, c) konsumsi protein kasar, d) konsumsi TDN , e) koefisien cerna bahan kering dan bahan organik, f) konsentrasi NH3 darah, g) kadar total N darah serta h) konsentrasi VFA darah. Data yang dikumpulkan diolah secara statistik dengan analisis variansi. Perbedaan antar perlakuan dilakukan dengan uji Wilayah Ganda Duncan. I lasil analisis variansi menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi (P>0,05). antara perlakuan kualitas konsentrat dan substitusi kaliandra terhadap penambahan bobot badan, koefisien cerna bahan kering dan koefisien cerna bahan organik, konsentrasi NH3 darah, konsentrasi total N darah sena konsentrasi VFA darah. Tingkat konsumsi bahan kering dan bahan organik, konsumsi protein kasar sena konsumsi TDN, secara nyata (P<0,05) dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan kualitas konsentrat dan substitusi kaliandra. Perlakuan adalah formula ransum yang terbaik untuk penggemukan sapi PFH jantan.