PEMANFAATAN ENERGI DAN KADAR ASAM URAT DALAM DARAH AYAM BROILER DENGAN RANSUM MENGGUNAKAN UBIKAYU FERMENTASI DAN PENAMBAHAN LYSINE

Abstract

The present experiment was carried out in Srondol Wetan, Banyumanik, Semarang City starting on May 28th to August 14th , 2002. The porpose of the study was to clarify the effect of inclusion of fermented cassava in the diet containing various level of energy without and with lysine supplementation on feed consumption, metabolizable energy, concentration of blood uric acid, hepar and ren performances, and body weight gain. One hundred birds of broiler chicken (aging 3 days, unsex) with the average initial body weight of 82.03 th 9.35 g were used as the experimental animal in the present strudy.The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 3 x 2 factorial scheme (5 replications each). Treatments applied were as follows; E1L0 = energy 2,800 kcal/kg without lysine supplementation, E2L0 = energy 3,000 kcal/kg without lysine supplementation, E3L0 = energy 3,200 kcal/kg without lysine supplementation, E1L1 = energy 2,800 kcal/kg with 0.3 % lysine supplementation, E2L1 = energy 3,000 kcal/kg with 0.3 % lysine supplementation, and E3L1 = energy 3,200 kcal/kg with 0.3 % lysine supplementation. Feed consumption, metabolizable energy (ME), concentration of blood uric acid, hepar and ren performances (colour, shape and weight) and body weight gain (BWG) were the parameters observed in the present study. Statistical analysis indicated that no interaction of both factors (energy level and lysine) was observed on all parameters. However, there was significant effect (P<0.05) of both factors on feed consumption and body weight gain, but it didn't affect metabolizable energy, blood uric acid, and weight of hepar and ren. The highest feed consumption was achieved by E2L0 (3162.69 g/bird) and the lowest one was E2L1 (2798.92 g/bird). The average body weight gain was consistence with the value of metabolizable energy namely, E3L1 (274.76 g/bird/week for BWG, 3379 kcal/kg for ME) and E1L0 (224.21 g/bird/week for BWG, 2983 kcal/kg for ME) showed the highest and the lowest values, respectively. Concentration of blood uric acid was ranged from 165.73 to 196.30 nmol/litre, and hepar weight (% body weight) was from 2.33 to 2.60 %, and renal weight was from 0.73 to 0.82 % of body weight. In conclusion, feeding 20 % fermented cassava with increasing energy level and 0.3 % lysine supplementation improves body weight gain. Different level of energy produces the same feed consumption, however when it is supplemented with 0.3 % lysine decreases feed consumption. Treatment combination as well as the single factor (energy level or lysine) causes the same values of metabolizable energy, blood uric acid, and hepar and ren performances. Suatu penelitian telah dilakukan di Srondol Wetan Kecamatan Banyumanik Kota Semarang pada tanggal 28 Mei sampai 14 Agustus 2002. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan ubikayu fermentasi pada berbagai level energi tanpa dan dengan penambahan lysine 0,3% terhadap konsumsi ransum, energi metabolis, kadar asam urat, performan hati dan ginjal, serta pertambahan bobot badan. Materi yang digunakan adalah ayam broiler umur 3 hari unsex sebanyak 150 ekor (CP 707 produksi PT. Charoen Phokpand Jaya Farm) dengan rata-rata bobot awal 82,03 ± 9,35 g. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) pola faktoril 3x2 dengan 5 ulangan. Perlalcuan yang diterapkan sebagai berikut : EiLo = energi 2800 tanpa penambahan lysine, E2Lo. energi 3000 tanpa penambahan lysine E3Lo= energi 3200 tanpa penambahan lysine, E1L = energi 2800 dengan penambahan lysine 0,3 %, E2L1 = energi 3000 dengan penambahan lysine 0,3 %, dan E314 = energi 3200 dengan penambahan lysine 0,3 %. Parameter yang diamati meliputi konsumsi ransum, energi metabolis, kadar asam urat, penampakan warna, bentuk dan bobot hati serta ginjal, dan pertambahan bobot badan. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi (P>0,05) pada semua parameter, tetapi ada pengaruh yang nyata (P < 0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, dan pertambahan bobot badan tetapi tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata (P > 0,05) terhadap energi metabolis, kadar asam urat, serta bobot hati dan &jai. Rata-rata konsumsi ransom selama periode penelitian tercatat sebesar 2962,04; 3162,69; 3130,78 ; 2802,95; 2798,92 dan 2855,64 g/ekor dan rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan yaitu sebesar 224,21; 236,03; 247,29; 246,96; 266,83; dan 274,76 g/ekor/minggu masing-masing untuk E1Lo, E2J0, E31-0, E1L1, E2L1, dan E3L1. Rata-rata energi metabolis yaitu sebesar 2983; 3131; 3340; 3292; 3324; dan 3379 kkal/kg, rata-rata kadar asam urat ayam broiler yaitu sebesar 171,36; 185,44; 192,28; 165,73; 196,30 dan 189,46 tanol/liter, rata-rata bobot hati yaitu sebesar 2,60; 2,34; 2,35; 2,33; 2,48 dan 2,37 %13B (bobot badan), dan rata-rata bobot ginjal yaitu 0,82; 0,73; 0,73; 0,73; 0,76 dan 0,77 %BB masing-masing untuk FILO, EdLo, E3Lo, EiLd B214, dan E314. Kesimpulan dari penelitian bahwa penggunaan ubikayu fermentasi 20% dengan peningkatan level energi dan penambahan lysine 0,3% meningkatkan pertambahan bobot badan. Level energi yang berbeda menghasilkan konsumsi ransum yang sama, sedangkan penambahan lysine 0,3% menurunkan konsumsi ransum. Kadar asam urat, performen hati dan ginjal menunjukkan keadaan yang normal pada semua kombinasi perlakuan dan masing-masing faktor baik energi maupun lysine.