RESPON PERTUMBIMAN SAPI PERANAKAN FRIESIAN HOLSTEIN (PFH) JANTAN TERHADAP PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI ARAS AMPAS BIR DALAM PAKAN KONSENTRAT

Abstract

This experiment was to investigate the influence of brewery by- product on growth, physiological conditions, economic efficiency and growth pattern of Friesian Holstein crossbred bulls. The experiment was conducted from July 16 to November 16, 2001, at Suryo Farm, in Boyolali. The materials used were 18 Friesian Holstein crossbred bulls aged from 2 to 2,5 years and weighed from 258 to 371 kg. They were fed Panic= Mill letall ad libitum, the experimental design was Randomized Block Design with three groups of initial body weight (I, II, Ill). The treatments applied were : T 7 kg of cassava starch by- product + 2 kg commercial concentrate + 3 kg of brewery by- product. T2 = 7 kg of cassava starch by- product + 2 kg commercial concentrate + 5 kg of brewery by- product. T3 7 kg of cassava starch by- product + 2 kg commercial concentrate + 7 kg of brewery by- product. The parameters measured were feed consumption, daily gain, feed conversion, feed-cost per gain, body measurements gain and physiological conditions. The results showed that the used of brewery by- product affected (P<0,05) daily gain, body length, wither height and feed-cost per gain. The daily gain was not different between Ti (0,90 kg/day) and T2 (0,94 kg/day),but they were different from T3 (1,05 kg/day). Body length was different (P<0.05) between TI (0.07 cm) and T2 (0,08 cm) also T3 (0,09 cm), like wise between T2 and T3. Wither height of T1 (0,06 cm), T2 (0,07 cm) and T3 (0,08 cm) were different (P<0,05). Feed - cost per gain of T1(0,47) was different from T2 (0,51) and T3 (0,50), while between T2 and T3 was not different. Treatment of brewery by¬product caused a highly significant different (P<0,01) in feed consumption, between T1 (8,28 kg) and T2 (8,62 kg) as well as T3 (9,0 kg), like wise between T2 and T3. Different level of brewery by- product did not caused difference (P>0,05) in heart girth measures, physiological condition and feed conversion. The heart girth and body length, as well as teh within height measures pattern relative to body weight on group I and III show that T3 was the best. The treatment of T3 in the group II showed that heart girth and within height to be the best, the body length has stopped growing.The conclusion of this experiment was that 7 kg/ cattle/ day of brewery by¬product resulted the highest growth rate without any physiological disturbance. The growth pattern showed to be the best, economic efficiency was obtained at the level of brewery by- product implementation of 3 kg/ cattle/ day. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ampas bir terhadap pertumbuhan, kondisi fisiologis, efisiensi ekonomi dan pola pertumbuhan sapi Peranakan Friesian Holstein (PFH) jantan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 16 Jun sampai dengan tanggal 16 Nopember 2001 pada sebuah peternakan sapi milik saudara Suryo di Boyolali. Mated yang digunakan adalah 18 ekor sapi PFH jantan dengan umur 2 -2,5 tahun dan bobot badan awal antara 258 sampai 371 kg. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga kelompok bobot badan awal (I, II, III), setiap kelompok terdiri dari tiga perlakuan pakan (T1, T2, T3) dan setiap sel perlakuan terdiri dari dua ulangan. Perlakuan pakan yang diterapkan adalah : Ti 7 kg ampas ketela pohon + 2 kg konsentrat komersial + 3 kg ampas bir + rumput kolonjono ad libill1171. T2 = 7 kg ampas ketela pohon + 2 kg konsentrat komersial + 5 kg ampas bir + rumput kolonjono ad libitum. T3 7 kg ampas ketela pohon + 2 kg konsentrat komersial + 7 kg ampas bir + rumput kolonjono ad lib HUM. Parameter yang diamati meliputi konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, feed-cost per gain , pertambahan ukuran-ukuran tubuh dan kondisi fisiologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan ampas bin memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan, panjang badan, tinggi pundak dan feed-cost per gain Pertambahan bobot badan tidak berbeda antara T1 (0,90 kg/hari) dengan T2 (0,94 kg Thari) namun berbeda dengan T3 (1,05 kg /had). Pertambahan ukuran panjang badan berbeda nyata (P<0,05) antara perlakuan TI (0,07 cm) dengan T2 (0,08 cm) dan T3 (0,09 cm) demikian pula antara T2 dengan T3, pertambahan ukuran tinggi pundak antara T1 (0,06 cm) dengan T2 (0,07 cm) dan T3 (0,08 cm) berbeda nyata (P<0,05) juga antara T2 dengan T3. Feed-cost per gain antara T1 (0,47) berbeda nyata dengan T2 (0,51) dan T3 (0,50) sedang antara T2 dan T3 tidak berbeda. Perlakuan pemberian aras ampas bir menyebabkan perbedaan yang sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap konsumsi pakan, antara T1 (8,28 kg) berbeda dengan T2 (8,62 kg) maupun T3 ((9,0 kg) demikian pula antara T2 dengan T3. Perbedaan aras pemberian ampas bir tidak menyebabkan perbedaan (P>0,05) terhadap pertambahan ukuran lingkar dada, kondisi fisiologis, dan konversi pakan. Pola pertambahan ukuran lingkar dada relatif terhadap bobot badan, panjang badan serta tinggi pundak pada kelompok dan 111 menunjukkan perlakuan T3 palimg baik. Perlakuan T3 pada kelompok menunjukkan lingkar dada dan tinggi pundak palling naik, sedang panjang badan tidak tumbuh lagi.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pemberian ampas bir sebanyak 7kg /ekor /hari menimbulkan respon pertumbuhan paling tinggi tanpa menyebabkan gangguan fisiologis, begitu pula pola pertumbuhannya menunjukkan kurva yang paling baik. walaupun demikian hiaya paling efisien (efisiensi ekonomi) didapatkan pada pemberian ampas bir 3 kg /ekor /hari.