Manajemen Mutu Pengolahan Rajungan (Portunus pelag cus) pada Skala Rumah Tangga, Mini Plant dan Plant (The Quality Manajemen of Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) Processing in Home Industry, Mini Plant and Plant Scale))

Abstract

The home industry scale and miniplant supply the raw material of swimming crab meat to the canning factory and the canned product is then exported. In order to meet the requirement quality of export product, the canning process should be follow quality control management based on HACCP concept. The purposes of this research are to know whether the processor of muds crab in home scale, mini plant and plant did Standart Operating Prosedure (SSOP), appied Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), applied Quality Management based on Hazard Abalisis Critical Control Point (HACCP) concept and is there social and economic relationship among the processors and the application level of quality management. The method used in this research was case study with the subject of research was the processing unit of small crab in home scale, mini plant and plant. The research was done in Prapag Kidul Village, Losari Sub District, the Regency of Brebes and in PT. Tonga Tiur Putra Cirebon. The research was conducted in February to August 2003 The result of research showed that the processor in home scale did SSOP 20 — 40 %, whereas the mini plant and plant processor did it to 100%. The GMP application for home scale reached 40 % and mini plant reached 100%. The HACCP application for home scale was 13,3 % to 20 %, mini plant was 66,8 % to 84,44 % and plant was as many as 100 %. The social and economic relationship with the application level of quality management, for the educational level with quality management showed the correlation number r = 0,960; training frequency with the application level of quality management had a correlation number of as r = 0,968 ; the bussines experience with the application level of quality management had a correlation number r = 0,641 ; the capital owned with the application level of quality management had correlation number r = 0,863 and the relationship of business form with the application level of quality management had a correlation number r = 0,863. Pengolah rajungan skala rumah tangga dan miniplant memasok bahan baku daging rajungan kepada perusahaan pengalengan (plant). Daging yang dikalengkan kemudian diexport, untuk memenuhi kualitas export maka dalam proses pengalengan perlu pengawasan.mutu berdasarkan konsep HACCP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetabui apakah para pengolah rajungan skala rumah tangga, mini plant dan plant sudah melalcukan Sanitation Standart Operating Prosedure (SSOP), sudah,menerapkan Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), sudah menerapkan manajemen mutu berdasarkan konsep HACCP dan apakah ada hubungan sosial ekonomi para pengolah dengan tingkat penerapan manajemen mutu ?. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan subyek penelitian unit pengolah rajungan berskala rumah tangga, mini plant dan plant. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Prapag Kidul Kecamatan Losari Kabupaten Brebes dan di PT Tonga Tiur Putra Cirebon. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari sampai Agustus 2003. Basil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam penerapan SSOP, pengolah skala rumah tangga melaksanakan 20 — 40 %, sedangkan pengolah mini plant dan plant menerapkan sampai 100%. Penerapan GMP untuk skala rumah tangga mencapai 40% sedang pengolah mini plant dan plant hingga 100%. Penerapan HACCP untuk skala rumah tangga sebesar 13,3 % - 20%, mini plant 66,8% —84,44% dan plant sebesar 100%. Hubungan sosial ekonomi dengan tingkat penerapan manajemen mutu, untuk tingkat pendidikan dengan manajemen mutu menunjukkan angka korelasi r = 0,960; frekuensi pelatihan dengan tingkat penerapan manajemen mutu memiliki angka korelasi sebesar r = 0,968; pengalaman usaha dengan tingkat penerapan manajemen mutu memiliki angka korelasi sebesar r = 0,641; pemilikan modal usaha dengan tingkat penerapan manajemen mutu memiliki angka korelasi sebesar r = 0,863 dan hubungan bentuk usaha dengan tingkat penerapan manajemen mutu memiliki angka korelasi sebesar r = 0,863.