FAKTOR - FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KEJADIAN AUTISME ( The risk factors of Autism )

MUHARTOMO, HEXANTO (2004) FAKTOR - FAKTOR RISIKO YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP KEJADIAN AUTISME ( The risk factors of Autism ). Masters thesis, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

Introduction: Infantile autism (so called autism) affects growth and development of children. Its incidence and prevalence tend to increase recently. The etiology of autisme is still unclear, it was suspected that there was no single etiological factor concerning with autism. Furthermore, there is no data available in Indonesia regarding this subyect. Method: A case-caontrol study was carried out to explore several risk-factors which may play significant role in autism. Forty autistic children (36 males, 4 females, mean age 5,5 years) with to 40 normal developing children (32 males, 8 females, mean age 5,6 years) as control group were recruited in this study. Historical data was obtained from their mothers and their medical record. Result: It was found that antenatal bleeding was a significant risk fitctor of autism (OR = 4,333; 95% CI = 1,271 — 14,777; p = 0,014), as well as birth asphyxia (OR = 4,111; 95% CI =1,037 — 16,295; p = 0,034). Meanwhile toxoplasmosis during pregnancy, hyperemesis gravidarum, low birth weight baby, birth trauma, febrile convulsion, vaccination of Mumps, Measles, Rubella (MMR) were not risk factors. Conclusion: Since antenatal bleeding and birth asphyxia has an important role as risk factors of autisme, we suggest to improve antenatal care and process of delivery in the community. Latar belakang: Autisme merupakan penyebab penting dari gangguan tumbuh¬kembang anak yang insidensi maupun prevalensinya dewasa ini cenderung meningkat. Sampai sekarang penyebab autisme belum diketahui dengan balk, namun tampaknya memang multi-faktorial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko terhadap kejadian autisme, karena belum ada data tentang hal ini di Indonesia. Metoda: Dilakukan studi kasus kontrol dengan melibatkan 40 anak dengan autisme (36 lelaki, 4 perempuan, umur rata-rata 5,5 tahun) dan 40 anak lainnya sebagai kontrol (32 lelaki, 8 perempuan, umur rata-rata 5,6 tahun) untuk menganalisis 8 faktor risiko yang mungkin berpengaruh terhadap kejadian autisme. Data anamnesis diperoleh dari ibu kandung masing-masing anak di camping data dad catatan medik. Hasil: Didapatkan bahwa perdarahan antenatal merupakan faktor risiko autisme (OR = 4,333; 95% CI = 1,271 — 14,777; p = 0,014), demikian pula dengan astiksia lahir (OR = 4,111; 95% CI =1,037 — 16,295; p = 0,034). Sedang toksoplasmosis waktu hamil, hiperemesis gravidarum, berat badan lahir rendah, trauma lahir, kejang demam, dan vaksinasi Mumps, Measles, Rubella (MMR) tidak terbukti sebagai faktor risiko autisme. Simpulan: : Karena perdarahan antenatal dan asfiksia iahir penting perannya dalam kejadian autisme, maka pengelolaan antenatal serta persalinan sangat penting untuk ditingkatkan.

Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Biomedical Science
ID Code:12903
Deposited By:Mr UPT Perpus 5
Deposited On:02 Jun 2010 07:35
Last Modified:02 Jun 2010 07:35

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