EVALUASI USAHA PENGGEMUKAN KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla serrata Forskal) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN PETANI TAMBAK DI DESA BANJARSARI KECAMATAN SAYUNG KABUPATEN DEMAK

Abstract

The efforts to increasing poverty of community around coastal areas are conducted continually by Indonesian government, mainly by Department of Marines Affairs and Fisheries, through programs of increasing capability of fish-farmers in brackish water aquaculture as well as marine culture. Those programs are being conducted by participation of fish-farmers and or by increasing quality of capability of field staffs in technology of aquaculture. One of the programs that was being applied is the technology of growing of mud crab (Scylla serrata. Forskal) in Banjarsari Village, Sayung district, Demak Regency. Therefore, an evaluation of success of this program should be done by related agencies. This study is aimed to evaluation of productivity development of mud crab (Scylla serrata Forskal) that was being conducted in Banjarsari village, Sayung district, Demak Regency, and also to determine differentiation of production as well as income of mud crab cultured farmers that participation in the program and those who were not. Thirty of mud crab cultured farmers were chosen as respondents and divided into two categories: 1. the farmers that participation in the program (20 mud crab cultured farmers), and 2. the farmers that not participation in the program (10 mud crab cultured farmers). The data was then collected from September till November 2003, tabularized and finally were analyzed with descriptively analyze and statistically analyze by using two mean different sample of independent sample test of t test. This study reavealed that program of growing mud crab (Scylla serrata Forskal) in Banjarsari Village, Sayung District, Demak Regency was done well. No statistically diferent in culture-technique of growing of mud crab that were done by mud crab cultured farmers that participation in the program and those who were not participated. There were significant statistically different (p< 0.05) in production and incorrie of mud crab cultured farmers that participatibn in the program compared with those who were not participated in. From this study can be concluded that dissemination of the program of growing technology of mud crab (Scylla serrata Forskal) into mud crab cultured farmers in Banjarsari Village, Sayung District, Demak Regency caused increasing production and income of the farmers. Upaya yang dilakukan oleh instansi terkait terutama Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan dalam meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat pantai melalui program-program peningkatan kualitas budidaya bagi para petani tambak terutama kegiatan budidaya di daerah mangrove terus digalakkan. Program-program tersebut baik yang langsung mengikutsertakan para petani tambak maupun dengan cara peningkatan kualitas para petugas lapangan dengan peningkatan pengetahuan mereka tentang tehnologi budidaya. Adanya kegiatan penerapan tehnologi pembesaran kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata Forskal) di desa Banjarsari Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak oleh instansi terkait perlu adanya sebuah evaluasi guna menilai keberhasilan program tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kegiatan pengembangan produktivitas kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata Forskal) yang dilakukan di desa Banjarsari Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak serta mengetahui perbedaan hasil panen dan pendapatan petani tambak kepiting bakau yang mengikuti program dan tidak mengikuti program. Adapun sampel di dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 petambak yang terdiri dad 20 orang petambak yang mengikuti program dan 10 petambak yang tidak mengikuti program. Analisa yang digunakan adalah analisa deskriptif dan uji t dua sampel yang tidak berhubungan (Independent Sample Test). Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil panen petambak yang mengikuti program penggemukan dengan petambak yang tidak mengikuti program penggemukan. Hasil ini berdasarkan nilai t hitung sebesar 7,878. Dimana thit (7,879) lebih besar dari ttab (2,3685) dengan nilai Probabilitas yang diperoleh adalah 0,000 atau kurang dad 0,05. Terdapat perbedaan pendapatan petambak yang mengikuti program penggemukan dengan petambak yang tidak mengikuti program penggemukan. Hal ini berdasarkan nilai t hitung sebesar 8,442 lebih besar dibandingkan t tabel sebesar 2,3685. Nilai probabilitas yang diperoleh sebesar 0,000 (sig. = 0,000) atau kurang dari 0,05.