HUBUNGAN GOLONGAN DARAH 0 DENGAN KEJADIAN SYOK PADA PENDERITA DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE

Hartanto, Fitri (2005) HUBUNGAN GOLONGAN DARAH 0 DENGAN KEJADIAN SYOK PADA PENDERITA DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE. Masters thesis, Program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

Background The development of shock (Dengue Shock Syndrome= DSS) among Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) patients is caused by two specific pathophysiology i.e. the increase of capillary permeability and the existence of abnormal haemostasis. Von Willebrand factor ( vWf ) and factor VIII are very important components of haemostasis. Some researchs mentioned that concentration of vWf and factor VIII in each blood type of ABO system are very different. Among them, blood type 0 has lowest concentration compared to Non-O. The low level of vWf and factor VIII concentration may cause more severe haemostasis disorder and plasma leakage in patients with DHF. Research Method The study was conducted in RSDK Semarang in the period of 2001 to 2003 , as an observasional research with cross sectional method. The risk of DSS among DHF patients was assessed as ratio of prevalence using chi square analysis. Significance was considered with level of confidence at 0,05 ( p < 0,05 ) and confidence interval of 95%. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.5. Result Subjects recrueted were children admitted with DHF infection, consisted of 26 cases without shock (Non-DSS) and 72 cases with shock (DSS) .There were significant difference in the occurrence of hematemesis between those with blood type 0 and non 0 ( p < 0.001). There were significant difference in the occurrence of mejaena between patient with blood type 0 and Non-O ( p < 0.001). No significant difference in the occurrence of pleura effusion between patient with blood type 0 and Non-O ( p = 0.3 ). No significant difference in the development of shock between those with blood type 0 and Non-O ( p = 0,3). The blood type 0 is considered as a risk factor for hematemesis (RP=5,6; 95% CI= 2,3 to 13,5) and also a risk factor for melaena (RP=4,5; 95% CI=1,8 to 10,6). Conclusion There was no relationship between ABO blood type and the development of shock in Dengue patients. However, based on the finding that there was significant difference in the occurrence of bleeding manifestation (haematemesis and melaena) between blood type 0 and non-0, clinician should be aware of the risk of the development of more severe shock in DSS patients with blood tye 0. Terjadinya DBD yang berlanjut menjadi SSD disebabkan oleh dua patofisiologi utarna yaitu meningkatnya permeabilitas kapiler dan adanya hemostasis abnormal. Faktor von Willebrand ( vWf ) dan faktor VIII sangat berperan terliadap proses hernostasis. Pada beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa kadar faktor von willebrand dan faktor VIII pada masing-masing golongan darah sistem ABO sangat berbeda terutama pada jenis golongan darah 0 yang mempunyai kadar lebih rendah dibanding jenis golongan darah non 0. Rendahnya kadar vW17 dan faktor VIII akan memperberat gangguan hemostasis dan kebocoran plasma yang terjadi pada penderita demam berdarah dengue . Metode Penelitian Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan metode belah lintang yang dilakukan di RSDK Semarang pada periode 2001 s/d 2003. Risiko kejadian SSD akan dinyatakan dalam bentuk Ratio prevalen, uji hepotesis menggunakan uji X2. Derajat kemaknaan apabila nilai p < 0,05 dengan interval kepercayaan (confidence interval ) 95%. Analisa statistik menggunakan program SPSS 1E5. Hasil Didapatkan 98 anak dengan DBD, yang terbagi atas 26 kasus DBD tanpa syok dan 72 kasus sindrom syok dengue (SSD).Terdapat perbedaan bermakna manifestasi klinis hematemesis pada penderita DBD dengan golongan darah 0 dan non 0 ( p = < 0.001). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna manifestasi klinis melena pada penderita DBD dengan golongan darah 0 dan non 0 ( p = < 0.001). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna terjadinya efiisi pleura pada penderita DBD dengan golongan darah 0 dan non 0 ( p = 0.3 ). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna angka kejadian SSD dan non SSD pada golongan darah ABO. (p = 0,3). Jenis golongan darah 0 menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya hematemesis (RP=5,6; 95% CI= 2,3 s/d 13,5). Jenis golongan darah 0 menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya melena (RP=4,5; 95% CI=1,8 s/d 10,6). Kesimpulan Tidalc terdapat hubungan yang bemakna antara golongan darah dengan angka kejadian syok pada penderita DBD. Tetapi dengan terdapatnya perbedaan manifestasi klinis perdarahan yang bermakna diantara golongan darah 0 dan Non 0 menjadi perhatian terhadap memberatnya syok pada DBD.

Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Biomedical Science
ID Code:12553
Deposited By:Mr UPT Perpus 1
Deposited On:31 May 2010 17:01
Last Modified:31 May 2010 17:01

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