PENGARUH PENERAPAN PUNGUTAN PENGUSAHAAN PERIKANAN (PPP) DAN PUNGUTAN HASIL PERIKANAN (PHP) TERHADAP PENDAPATAN NELAYAN PURSE SEINE (STUDI KASUS DI KOTA PEKALONGAN)

Abstract

In the term of promoting fish resources management to be sutainable and profitable as great as possible for the people welfare, the Government applies the PPP and PHP (Fishery Exploitation Levy and Fish Caught Levy) in giving a fish catching exploitation licence as for adding the state non-tax revenue. The purpose of study is to examine the fish catch compositions and kinds of fish species of the small pelagic purse seiner boat, the PPP and PHP influences on the purse seiner fishermen incomes, and compare the amount of PHP determined by the Government and of the study result PHP. Case study method was used the study about existing of purse seiner boat fishermen in Pekalongan City as the study location. The sampling technique was carried out systematically. The data analysis used the qualitative descriptive and t-test statistic analysis. The qualitative descriptive analysis was used for analyzing the fish catch compositions and kind of fish species and determining the fish prices. The t-test was used for analyzing the significant differences of the PPP and PHP influences on determind the small pelagis purse seiner boat fisherman incomes, and comparing the amount of PHP by Goverment and study result PHP too. The result of study showed that the fish catch compositions of the 30 GT or more purse seiner boat for the last five years, namely in the 1997 — 2001 in Pekalongan, indicated that there were fluctuations of the production amounts. From the average production amount of each fish kind of purse seiner boat fish catches for the last five years the largest fish kind composition was Layang followed by Lemuru, then Banyar, Tembang, Selar and the other fish kinds have the least compositions. Of the fish kinds the salted fish composition was larger than the fresh or iced fish composition. The highest price of the purse seiner boat fish catches was the species of Banyar/Kembung and the lowest one was Tembang species. Based on the fish quality price of fresh or iced fish price was higher than the salted one. The PPP and PHP influenced the incomes of fishermen, especially of the purse seiner boat owner. Income at the first trip of the boat owner who has paid the PPP and PHP has a negative value or the boat owner suffered a financial loss. Mean while the boat owner who has not paid the PPP and PHP yet has a high income per trip. For the income per trip of captain, motorist, skilled worker, and crew who both has and has not paid PPP and PHP yet was not influenced by the magnitude of fishery levies. The one-year income of the purse seiner boat owner who has paid the PPP and PHP were lower than the owners who have not yet. While the incomes among their captains, motorist, siklled worker, crews were not much different. The PHP value of the government calculation based on the old HPI (Floor Price of Fish; The Decision of Trade and Industry Minister No. 213/2001) was much higher than the one based on the study calculation. But if we compared the PHP calculation based on the new HPI (Decision of Trade and Industry Minister No. 548/2002) with the one based on the study result calculation between them was not much differrence. Therefore it need immediately to socialize and iluminate the PHP imposition based on the new HPI calculation.