POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PELAYANAN AIR BERSIH PDAM TIRTA RAHARJA CABANG I CIMAHI

Abstract

Intisari PDAM Tirta Raharja Cabang I Kota Cimahi berada dibawah naungan PDAM Tirta Raharja Kabupaten Bandung sebagai Badan Usaha Milik Daerah yang dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Kabupaten Bandung. PDAM Cabang I Cimahi hanya mempunyai langganan aktif 13.548 Sambungan Rumah (SR) dari jumlah penduduk Cimahi 452.392 jiwa atau hanya mempunyai jangkauan pelayanan 18%. Daerah pengembangan yang diteliti adalah daerah Cimahi Selatan yang saat ini mempunyai pelanggan aktif 2282 SR.Oleh karenanya perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang pengembangan daerah layanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kebutuhan dan ketersediaan air, potensi air, minat konsumen dalam berlangganan air serta melakukan rencana pengembangan air bersih dad mata air Ciseupan Cibeber guna memenuhi kebutuhan air di Wilayah Cimahi Selatan. Data diperoleh dengan cara menyebarkan angket kepada 150 Responden di Kelurahan Cibeber, Leuwigajah dan Utama di Kecamatan Cimahi Selatan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan air dan kesanggupan membayar Untuk itu dilakukan pengkajian potensi pengembangan pelayanan air bersih tahun 2010 dimana proyeksi kebutuhan air nya akan mencapai 54,74 1/dt. Pada survey sosio ekonomi di Wilayah Cimahi Selatan didapat hasil analisis pemakaian air tiap sambungan rumah (SR) sebesar 16,45 m3 per bulan Pertumbuhan pelanggan sampai tahun 2010 diperkirakan akan menjadi 3.652 SR, pemakaian airnya akan menjadi 23,00 l/det, jika faktor kehilangan air 50 % ialah sebesar 11,00 Udet maka jumlah pemakaian air pada tahun tersebut menjarli 34,00 Udet yang akan dipenuhi dari sumber air yang ada di Instalasi Pengolahan Air (IPA) J1. Kol. Masturi. Hasil perhitungan kekurangan air pada tahun 2010 ialah 54,74 Udet — 34,00 1/det = 20,74 Udet (Q rata-rata).Pada jam-jam puncak kekurangan air menjadi = Q rata-rata x 1,75 = 20,74 Udet x 1,75 = 36,29 1/.det. Kekurangan sebesar 36,29 1/det akan dipenuhi oleh mata air Ciseupan yang mempunyai debit air Q= 40 Wet. Dan hasil sosio ekonomi minat responden berlangganan sambungan rumah mencapai 63 %, minat berlangganan hidran umum hanya sekitar 6 % dan tidak berminat berlangganan sebesar 31%. Pemakaian rata-rata air dad masyarakat 16.45 m3 per bulan atau setara dengan pembayaran Rp. 33.000,-; Sedangkan untuk pelanggan hidran umum (HU) rata rata pemakaian airnya sebesar Rp. 25.000,- per bulan Dad sisi demand (permintaan), jumlah konsumsi air PDAM dipengaruhi oleh keadaan konsumen yang meliputi keadaan social, ekonomi, budaya, kebutuhan air (urgensi) dan kesanggupan membayar (willingness to pay). Pada penelitian ini angka kesanggupan membayar responden besarnya 4% dari pendapatannya Rp.775.000,- yaitu sebesar Rp.31.000,- / bulan Biaya modal yang dibutuhkan untuk pembangunan sebesar Rp.10.686.970.698,- dan biaya tahunan setelah proyek selesai sebesar Rp.1.278.581.052,- / tahun.Karena IRR. [Internal Rate of Return ] hanya 3% < 6% MARR [Minimum Attractive Rate of Return ] dan Al [Affordability Index ] hanya 0,65 < 1 maka rencana investasi tidak layak untuk dilaksanakan. Disarankan karena proyek dari mata air Ciseupan berguna sekali untuk kepentingan masyarakat di Kelurahan Cibeber, Leuwigajah dan Utama dan akan berdampak positif bagi Pemerintahan Kota Cimahi,maka Pemerintah Kota hams dapat mencari dana Hibah atau Grant dad Luar Negeri. Cara lainnya agar proyek tersebut dapat menguntungkan maka iuran pelanggan SR pada tahun 2010 harus Rp.131.920,-/ bulan dan iuran pelanggan Hidran Umum untuk 20 MC pada tahun 2010 harus Rp.1.263.360,- / bulan. ABSTRACT PDAM (State-owned Water Supply Company) of Tirta Raharja Branch I of Cimahi City is under the auspices of PDAM Tirta Raharja Regency as a BUMD (Local-owned Services Agency) under the authority of Bandung Regency. Due to its relatively small number of active customers which is only 13,548 people using direct pipes home (SR) within the area of Cimahi as compared to the potential customers of 452,392 people, necessary steps have to be taken to increase its percentage of 18%. The fact that the southern part of Cimahi has 2,282 active customers urges a research to reveal possible development of a service area. The purpose of conducting this research is to evaluate the needs of water supply , the availability of the sources, the water potentiality and, the study on its possibilities of developing the areas of services from the Ciseupan Cibeber water source to meet the demands of pure water throughout South Cimahi. The methodology being applied is through the questionnaires and fill-in forms distributed to 150 respondents residing in 3 local community areas of Cibeber, Utama and Leuwigajah in the southern part of Cimahi as the region of the development research object to gain the degree of urgency and the people's willingness to pay the bill. Being the object of this observation is the potential development of pure water services in the 3 villages mentioned above up to the year 2010 with the possible water growth of 54.74 llsec. Survey on the basis of socio-economic at the water usage per direct supplies to homes analyzed results in 16,45 M3 per month. The customer growth rate up to the year 2010 is predicted as reaching 3,652 units of water supply directly to homes which is equal to the amount of 23,00 Usec. If the reduction factor of water shortage reaches 50% and thus increases up to 11,00 Usec., the amount of water used in the year mentioned will reach 34,00 llsec. of which amount is supplied by water source provided by IPA (Water Supply Installation) located on Jalan Kolonel Masturi. The water shortage being calculated for the year 2010 will then result in 54,74 Usec. — 34,00 Usec. = 20.74 Usec. (Q mean/ water needed in average). Therefore, the calculation results in Q busy hours/Q peak hours/Q max day = Q mean X 1.75 = 20.74 Usec. X 1.75 = 36.3 Usec. The amount of water shortage as much as 36.3 Usec. will be made sufficient by Ciseupan water source which capacity equals Q=40 liters/sec. From the socio-economic point of survey, the number of respondents interested in having their homes supplied with the source of water reaches 63%, those interested in having the water through the general hydrant system available reach only around 6% while those not interested reach 31%. The community's affordability shows the amount of 16,45 M3 per month which is equal to the amount of bill worth Rp 33,000 paid for the service as compared to the services through the general hydrant system amounting Rp 25,000 per month. From the availability of water provided by the local government's point of view, the amount of water consumed by the customers is influenced by their social, economic and cultural characteristics, the degree of urgency and, their willingness to pay the bill. The figures showing the affordability are calculated on the basis of their earning power, which is 4% of Rp 775,000 which is equal to Rp 31,000 per month. The working capital needed to develop the studied areas amounts Rp 10,686,970,698 with after-project implementation expenses of Rp 1,278,581,052 Because of the IRR (Internal rate of Return) of only 3% which is less than 6% MARR (Minimum Attractive Rate of Return) and the AI (Affordability Index) of only 0.65 which is less than 1 the implementation of the investment is not feasible. Due to the usefulness of the Ciseupan water source for the people residing in the local areas of Cibeber, Leuwigajah and Utama, it is deemed necessary for the Government of the Cimahi City to endeavor financial supports in the form of grants from abroad. Other possibility would be to generate the SR customers' monthly bill of Rp 131,920 and the general hydrant customers of 20 heads of family of Rp 1,263,360 to gain profitable line of business.