Samsudi, Samsudi (2000) ASPEK - ASPEK ARSITEKTUR KOLONIAL BELANDA PADA BANGUNAN PURI MANGKUNEGARAN. Masters thesis, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
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Abstract
Architecture is form because of space, shape, structure and material. Architecture can be viewed from several aspects, among which from the physical and non-psysical aspect, or the physical aspect contains non-physical ones. The non-physical aspect here, has a sense, which is expressed in the shape of symbol. The symbol shape is also found in aJavanese traditional house, and the symbol is expressed on the physical things, building system, orientation, ground plan, building realization, structure system and ornamental variations. The Dutch colonial architecture or Dutch colonial remaining buildings in Indonesia were buildings, which were established, when the Dutch people occupied certain regions in Indonesia in Indonesia, for about three and a halfcenturies. The Dutch Colonial Villa stressed on the physical aspect, had the Empire Style, which was adapted to the local condition ; the building stressed on the function (Huib Althihary, 1988 ;12). Ductch colonial architecture, when viewed from the physical aspect, consists of space, shape, structure and material. In Dutch colonial architectural space are found the main building and supporting one, with a closed building pattern. The ground plan is symmetric, with a lot of spaces grouped spaces and linear parallel space. The main buiding orientation is facing a large garden, and the parrallel supporting buildings go around the main one facing in ward. The shape of Dutch colonial architecture, we fmd 'a mural wall as thick brick mountings, consisting of two or more than two bricks, the column is circular with a Neo-classic style, and wide and high doors-windows. The roof shape of Dutch colonial architecture.. There are roof limasan and pelana, and saddle gable element, tower and dormer. The structural system of Dutch colonial architecture is system of mural wall, as a suppor of load and the contraction of roof frame with a system of frame Building materials are bricks, iron, glass, zink, coloured /plain floor tiles, floor marble for main spaces, coloured tiles with motils for supporting buildings. Those materials were imported from the Netherlands. Puri Mangkunegaran (the Palace) was built in 1757 by the order of KGPAA Mangkunegara I. The building space of the core domain of Puri Mangkunegaran consen of shape varieties . This is caused by the in fluence of the Dutch colonial government. The varions shapes of the buiding can be seen by the existence of Javanese traditional architecture along with Dutch colonial one. In this risearch, the researched buildings are Pendapa Ageng, Peringgitan, Dalem Ageng, Bale Warni, Bale Peni, Pracimasana, Mandrapura and Habisraya. This research of descriptive qualitative nature. Therefore the approach is mitred out by observation method, and analysis is done descriptivly (without tables), by means of pictures (figures), based on existing theories, to find out architectural aspects of colonial Dutch government on the Mangkunegaran Palace Core. Based on the research findings of Mangkunegaran Palace , building, Dutch colonial architectural aspects are found, they are the physical aspetcs.The space system is the closed pattern, the ground plan is the system of many rooms the parallel space is liniar. The orientation of the main building follows the Javanese traditional house. The colonial architectural building, as supporting building, faces in ward, towards the main building. On the mural wall consisting of two thick bricks, we find wide high door windows widh square motifs and curved ones. We also fmd a cercular pillar of cast iron, wit a Neo-classical style and iron supporting bars (konsol) out of which with a crisp model, columns of cercular shaped mounted bricks. On the limasan shaped roof and pelana saddle there are gable elements and dormer, frame roof used wood en system The supporting structure, the wall structural mural wall, is compact, the wall supports the roof load. The floor uses marble tiles and coloured ones. From this research there are still a lot of unrevealed things. They can be developed in an other research, by taking all cases of the buildings, found in Puri Manglcunegaran Arsitektur terbentuk karena ; ruang, wujud/bentuk, struktur dan bahan. Arsitektur dapat dipandang dari beberapa aspek, diantaranya aspek flak dan aspek non -fisik atau didalam aspek fisik terkandung aspek non-fisik. Aspek non-fisik disini merupakan suatu malma, makna atau anti diungkapkan dalam bentuk simbol. Bentuk simbol juga terdapat pada rumah tradisional Jawa, simbol diungkapkan pada fisik; tats bangunan, orientasi, bentuk denah, wujud bangunan, sistem struktur Berta ragam hiss. Arsitektur kolonial Belanda atau bangunan peninggalan kolonial Belanda di Indonesia adalah bangunan yang di bangun sewaktu Belanda menduduki daerah -daerah tertentu di Indonesia selama kurang lebih tiga setengah abad. Arsitektur kolonial Belanda (The Dutch Colonial Villa) menekankan aspek fisik, bergaya kemaharajaan (The Empire Style) yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi setempat, bangunan menekankan pada fungsi (Huib Akihary,1988:12 ) Arsitektur kolonial Belanda apabila dipandang dari aspek fisik terdiri dari; man& wujud/bentuk dan struktur serta bahan. Pada ruang arsitektur kolonial Belanda : Terdapat bangunan utama dan bangunan penunjang dengan pola bangunan tertutup. Bentuk denah simetris dengan banyak ruang, ruang-ruang mengelompok dan ruang-ruang berjajar memanjang (tinier). Orientasi bangunan utama menghadap halaman yang lugs, kinsman penunjang berjajar mengelilingi bangunan utama menghadap ke arah dalam. Wttjud atau bentuk pada arsitektur kolonial Belanda : Terdapat dinding tembok dari pasangan bate beta tebal dua bath atau lebih, kolom bulat gaya neo¬klasik bahan dari besi Mang, pintu-jendela lebar dan tinggi. Bentuk atop arsitektur kolonial Belanda : Terdapat atap limasan dan pelana ada elemen gable, menara dan dormer. Sistem struktur arsitektur kolonial Belanda yaitu sistem dinding tembok sebagai penahan beban dan pada konstruksi rangka atap dengan sistem rangka kuda-kuda. Bahan bangunan menggunakan bath -bats, besi, kaca, snag, lantai tegel warna / polos lantai manner untuk ruang-ruang utama, tegel warna bermotif untuk bangunan penunjang. Bahan-bahan didatangkan dari negeri Belanda Puri Manglamegaran didirikan pada tahun 1757 di perintah oleh K(3PAA Mangkunegara I. Bentuk bangunan pada daerah Inti Puri Mangkunegaran terdapatlah keragaman bentuk, hal ini dikarenakan adanya pengaruh dari pemerintah kolonial Belanda. Keanekaragaman bentuk bangunnan tersebut terlihat adanya arsitektur tradisional Jawa dengan arsitektur kolonial Belanda Di dalam penelitian ini bangunan yang diteliti adalah. pada: Pendapa Ageng, Perin itan, Dalem Ageng, Bale Warta, Bale Peni, Pracimasana, Mandrapura dan Habisraya Penelitian bersifat diskriptif kualitatait maka pendekatan dilakukan dengan metoda observasi dan analisis dilakukan secara disla•ptif (tanpa tabel) dengan media gambar, berdasarkan teori yang ada untuk menemukan aspek-aspek arsitektur kolonial Belanda pada bailsman Inti Puri Mangkunegaran Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada bangunan Puri Mangkunegaran terdapat temuan Aspek arsitektur kolonial Belanda, yaitu pada aspek fisik :Tata ruang pola tertutup, bentuk denah dengan sistem banyak ruang, ruang berjajar memanjang (tinier). Orientasi bangunan utama mengikuti rumah tradisional Jaws, bangunan yang berarsitektur kolonial sebagai bangunan penunjang menghadap ke dalam ke arah bangunan utama. Dinding tembok bath bata tebal dua bath terdapat pinto -jendela lebar dan tinggi dengan motif kotak serta motif lengkung. Terdapat tiang bulat dari besi tuang ben gaya Neo-klasik dan konsol besi ada yang model keriting, kolom-kolom dari pasangan batu-bata bentuk bulat. Bentuk atap limasan dan pelana, pada atap terdapat elemen gable dan dormer, rangka atap menggunakan sistem kuda-kuda bahan dari kayo Struktur penyangga : Sistem struktur diding tembok padat, dinding menahan beban atap. Lantai menggunakan lantai manner dan tegel berwarna. Dari hasil temuan ini masih banyak hal-hal yang belum tergali, kemungkinan dapat dikembangkan dalam penelitian yang lain dengan mengambil kasus semua bangunan yang ada di Puri Mangkunegaran.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | N Fine Arts > NA Architecture |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Architecture |
ID Code: | 11886 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 2 |
Deposited On: | 26 May 2010 15:47 |
Last Modified: | 26 May 2010 15:47 |
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