Prasetvo, Hartadi (2005) LAJU BIODEGRADASI ALAMIAH KOPROSTANOL PADA SEDIMEN LINGKUNGAN SUNGAI, MUARA, DAN PERAIRAN PANTAI (Studi Kasus : Jakarta, Semarang, dan Jepara pada Kondisi Musim Hujan). Masters thesis, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
| PDF - Published Version 4004Kb |
Abstract
Domestic waste is one of the major sources of the pollution in coastal waters of most developing countries, which has got less attention than industrial pollution. However, along with the increase of human activities in coastal areas couled with the importance of clean environment for the health, esthetics, and ecological reasons, the detection of waste contamination has become important to recognized. The indicator of domestic waste contamination are intestinal microorganism, especially coliform bacteria. The microbial characteristic such as low tolerance against toxic substances high temperature, and salinity have been the major problem in using indicator organism. Therefore, alternative indicator is needed to solve the problem. Coprostanol is a proposed alternative indicator in detecting domestic waste, it is definititely important to study the persistence of coprostanol for alternative indicator with accelerate natural biodegradation of coprostanol for sediment at enviromental condition of rivers, estuarine, and coastal at different areas with various cities tipology (Metropolitan, Big City and Small City). The research are carried out from March-April 2004 at environmental waters of rivers, estuarine, and coastal of Ciliwung Jakarta, Banjir Kanal Timur Semarang, and Demaan, Jepara. The laboratory research are carried out from March-Mei 2004 at laboratory Faculty of Fishery and Marine, Diponegoro University. Preparation for coprostanol, TOC and grain size are carried out from Juny-September 2004 Marine Laboratory Jepara, and consentration coproltanol for U.V. Spektro at Laboratory Organic Chemical Faculty Mathemathic and Natural Science, Gadjah Mada University. The result showed that coprostanol was detected in sediment samples at three environment condition and at three cities tipology. The accelerate natural bioderadation of coprostanol for tipology cities : The Metropolitan, the high acelerate natural biodegradation of coprostanol for environmental condition waters of coastal (0.324¬0.505 pg/g/hari), then environmental condition waters of rivers (0.009-0.103 pg/g/hari), and environmental condition waters of estuarine (0.0003-0.140 pg/g/hari). The Big Cities , the high acelerate natural biodegradation of coprostanol for environmental condition waters of coastal (0.151-0.413 pg/g/hari), then environmental condition waters of rivers (0.034-0.096 pg/g/hari), and environmental condition waters of estuarine (0.004-0.031 pg/g/hari). The Small Cities , the high acelerate natural biodegradation of coprostanol for environmental condition waters of estuarine (0.209¬0.456 pg/g/hari), then environmental condition waters of coastal (0.194-0.319 irg/g/hari), and environmental condition waters of rivers. (0.163-0.211 pg/g/hari). Key Word : Coprostanol, Domestic Waste, Persistence, Accelerate Biodegradation Limbah domestik merupakan salah satu sumber utama pencemaran di perairan pantai pada negara yang sedang berkembang yang masih kurang mendapatkan perhatian serius bila dibandingkan dengan pencemaran industri. Namun dengan terus meningkatnya aktifitas manusia di wilayah pesisir dam kesadaran akan pentingnya lingkungan beesih bagi kesehatan, estetika dan alasan ekologis lainnya, deteksi tentang kontaminasi limbah menjadi panting untuk diketahui secara lebih baik. Selama ini indikator kontaminasi limbah domestik ditentukan berdasarkan jumlah mikroorganisme intestinal khususnya kelompok bakteri coliform. Sifat mikroorganisme yang mempunyai toleransi yang rendah terhadap tekanan lingkungan seperti bahan toksik suhu tinggi, dan salinitas merupakan permasalahan utama organisme indikator, sehingga indikator alternatif sangat diperlukan. Koprostanol diusulkan sebagai alternatif indikator limbah domestik, sehingga diperlukan kajian persistensi koprostanol sebagai persyaratan kelayakannya sebagai indikator dengan menguji laju biodegradasi koprostanol secara alamiah pada sedimen dengan kondisi lingkungan sungai muara dan perairan pantai serta pada tipologi kota metropolitan, besar dan kecil. Penelitian lapangan dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2004 pada lingkungan sungai, muara, dan perairan pantai sungai Ciliwung Jakarta, Banjir Kanal Timur Semarang, serta sungai Demaan Jepara. Penelitian akuarium dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Mei 2004 di Laboratorium Terpadu Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Undip, preparansi sampel untuk koprostanol, TOC dan grain size dilakukan pada bulan Juni¬September 2004 di Laboratorium Kelautan Jepara, dan penentuan konsentrasi koprostanol dengan U.V. Spektro di laboratorium Kimia Organik FMIPA UGM. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa koprostanol dapat terdeteksi pada sedimen di ketiga kondisi lingkungan dan ketiga tipologi kota. Laju Biodegradasi koprostanol ditinjau dari tipologi kota : Perairan Kota metropolitan (Jakarta), tertinggi pada kondisi lingkungan perairan pantai (0.324-0.505 ug/g/hari), disusul kondisi lingkungan sungai (0.009-0.103 p.g/g/hari), dan terendah kondisi lingkungan muara (0.0003-0.140 ug/g/hari). Perairan Kota Besar (Semarang), tertinggi pada kondisi lingkungan perairan pantai (0.151-0.413 p.g/g/hari), disusul kondisi lingkungan sungai (0.034-0.096 ug/g/hari), dan terendah kondisi lingkungan muara (0.004-0.031 ilg/g/hari). Perairan Kota Kecil (Jepara), tertinggi pada kondisi lingkungan muara (0.209-0.456 ug/g/hari), disusul kondisi lingkungan perairan pantai (0.194-0.319 ug/g/hari), dan terendah kondisi lingkungan sungai (0.163-0.211 gg/g/hari). Kata kunci : Koprostanol, Limbah Domestik, Persistensi, Laju Biodegradasi
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
---|---|
Subjects: | T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Environmental Science |
ID Code: | 11694 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 1 |
Deposited On: | 25 May 2010 20:19 |
Last Modified: | 25 May 2010 20:19 |
Repository Staff Only: item control page