MODEL- MODEL PENDAMPINGAN LEMBAGA SWADAYA MASYARAKAT (LSM) DALAM KEGIATAN PENGHIJAUAN DI JAWA TENGAH

MULJONO, SLAMET (2002) MODEL- MODEL PENDAMPINGAN LEMBAGA SWADAYA MASYARAKAT (LSM) DALAM KEGIATAN PENGHIJAUAN DI JAWA TENGAH. Masters thesis, Program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro.

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Abstract

Although regreening program in Central Java has been implemented for about three decades new critical land area has always been exceeding the regreened area, especially in agricultural area. The execution of regreening program has been facing various barriers, which one of them is the weak organization of rural society's regreening institutions. Based on this problem and is in line with autonomy era, the government gives opportunity to the farmers/society groups to self reliantly execute regreening program, starting form its planning, implementation, and up to its evaluation. The government's role as direct executor is changed is the need to empower the farmer/society groups through facilitatating by Non Government Organizations (NGOs). Based on this problem, this research on "Facilitating Models of Non-Government Organization in Regreening Program in Central Java" was aimed at knowing the influence of NGOs models to farmer/society groups in regreening activity. This study case research was conducted in four villages and four facilitating NGOs. Sample areas were taken purposively based on their regreening activities, covering regreening in critical land, coastal, around forest village, and housing areas. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussion method with the farmer/society group group, interview with NGOs and their related institutions, as well as field observation. The research findings are: (1) Facilitating Model by "Persepsi" NGO in Wonogiri regency with "taking the ball" strategi succeeded in establising a cooperative and in enhancing regreening farmes group activities, resulted in the rehabilitation of 25 hectares critical land. (2) Facilitating Model by "Bintari" NGO in Demak regency did not succeed in empowering the local tambak farmers group but helped the local government in monitoring and in transparency of government project. (3) Facilitating Model by "Bina Mandiri" NGO in Kendal regency succeded in building a cooperative and in enhancing forest safety up to 90%. (4) Facilitating Model by "Yabaka" NGO in Semarang succeded in building houses and in creating nice neighorhood area for low income families. Meskipun program penghijauan di Jawa Tengah sudah berjalan sekitar tiga dekade, namun luas lahan kritis baru melebihi hasil-hasil yang dicapai. Hal ini dapat dilihat dad data luas lahan kritis terutama pada kawasan budidaya pertanian. Pelaksanaan program penghijauan masih banyak menemui kendala, salah satunya adalah lemahnya pengorganisasian kelembagaan masyarakat di tingkat pedesaan yang bergerak di bidang penghijauan. Bertitik tolak dari permasalahan tersebut di atas dan sejalan dengan era otonomi, maka pemerintah memberikan kesempatan kepada kelompok tani/masyarakat untuk melaksanakan kegiatan penghijauan secara mandiri dad mulai perencanaan, pelaksanaan sampai evaluasi. Peran pemerintah berubah dad pelaksana langsung menjadi fasilitator saja. Implikasi dad perubahan peran tersebut di atas, adalah perlunya penguatan kelompok tani/masyarakat melalui pendampingan oleh Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat (LSM) sebagai sampel yang jumlahnya di Jawa Tengah ada 33 buah. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut di atas, penelitian mengenai "Model-model Pendampingan LSM dalam Kegiatan Penghijauan di Jawa Tengah" ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui model pendampingan yang dilakukan LSM dalam kegiatan penghijauan terhadap kelompok tani/masyarakat. Penelitian studi kasus ini dilaksanakan pada empat desa beserta LSM pendampingnya. Pengambilan sampel daerah penelitian dilakukan secara purposive berdasarkan isu kegiatan penghijauan yang ada, yang meliputi penghijauan di lahan kritis, penghijauan pantai, penghijauan di sekitar desa hutan, dan penghijauan permukiman. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode Focus Group Discusion (FGD) pada kelompok tani/masyarakat, wawancara dengan LSM dan instansi terkait, dan observasi di lapangan. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan : (1) Model pendampingan yang dilakukan LSM PERSEPSI di Kab. Wonogiri dengan strategi "jemput bola" berhasil membentuk koperasi serta dapat meningkatkan aktivitas kelompok tani penghijauan sehingga berdampak pada terehabilitasinya lahan kritis seluas 25 ha. (2) Model pendampingan yang dilakukan LSM BINTARI di Kabupaten Demak kurang berpengaruh terhadap penguatan kelompok tani tambak, namun bagi Pemda sudah cukup membantu dalam pengawasan dan transparansi proyek pemerintah. (3) Model pendampingan oleh LSM BINA MANDIRI di Kab.Kendal berhasil membentuk koperasi serta _meningkatkan keamanan hutan sampai 90%. (4) Model pendampingan oleh LSM YABAKA di Kota Semarang berhasil mewujudkan perumahan bagi keluarga miskin dan menciptakan suasana perrnukiman yang sejuk, indah dan nyaman.

Item Type:Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
Divisions:School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Master Program in Environmental Science
ID Code:11611
Deposited By:Mr UPT Perpus 2
Deposited On:25 May 2010 15:24
Last Modified:25 May 2010 15:24

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