ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PENDEGRADASI KOPROSTANOL DARI LINGKUNGAN SUNGAI, MUARA, DAN PERAIRAN PANTAI PADA MONSUN 'LEMUR (Studi Kasus di Jakarta, Semarang, dan Jepara)

Abstract

In this time being methods to study environmental contamination of domestic waste by means of biological indicator is usually coliform bacteria. However, the use of coliform bacteria as indicator of domestic waste contamination own some problems, for example it does not detected in territorial water which is agree with the ideal condition for the growth and multiplication of bacteria; whereas it is anticipated that the territorial water was contaminated by domestic waste such as faeces. In the Coastal water, special problems in using such an indicator organism is the changeable salinity which might reached the level of death for the indicator organism. Therefore, other alternative indicator is urgently needed. One indicator alternative of domestic waste contamination is coprostanol. It showed having the conservative characteristics of being quantified and attributed to specific pollutant source. However it is important to understand that in the nature, natural coprostanol can be degraded by bacteria. Therefore it is necessary to conduct a study about Isolation and Identification of Coprostanol Degrading Bacteria in River, Estuarine, and Coastal Environments during Dry Season of East Monsoon (case study in Jakarta, Semarang, and Jepara). The study was taken place in the field and laboratory. The samples were water and sediment from three different environment that is river, estuarine, and coastal waters. Some physical and chemical parameters were also taken, i.e temperature, dissolve oxygen (DO), pH, brightness, turbidity and salinity. The laboratory tests included preparing the media, insulation the bacteria, screening the coprostanol degrading bacteria by specific indicator media, testing the growth of Coprostanol Degrading Bacteria and identifying coprostanol degrading bacteria. As much as 234 out of 359 isolates tested were found capable of degrading coprostanol. A further screening on 18 best isolates established five genera of such specific degradability; they are Achromobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Branhamella sp., Neisseria sp., and Pseudomonas sp., of those, three genera i.e. Achromobacter sp., Branhamella sp., and Neisseria sp. were never been reported for their ability in degrading coprostanol. Key words : Coprostanol, Domestic Waste, Pollution Indicator, Isolation, Identification, Degradation of Bacteria In this time being methods to study environmental contamination of domestic waste by means of biological indicator is usually coliform bacteria. However, the use of coliform bacteria as indicator of domestic waste contamination own some problems, for example it does not detected in territorial water which is agree with the ideal condition for the growth and multiplication of bacteria; whereas it is anticipated that the territorial water was contaminated by domestic waste such as faeces. In the Coastal water, special problems in using such an indicator organism is the changeable salinity which might reached the level of death for the indicator organism. Therefore, other alternative indicator is urgently needed. One indicator alternative of domestic waste contamination is coprostanol. It showed having the conservative characteristics of being quantified and attributed to specific pollutant source. However it is important to understand that in the nature, natural coprostanol can be degraded by bacteria. Therefore it is necessary to conduct a study about Isolation and Identification of Coprostanol Degrading Bacteria in River, Estuarine, and Coastal Environments during Dry Season of East Monsoon (case study in Jakarta, Semarang, and Jepara). The study was taken place in the field and laboratory. The samples were water and sediment from three different environment that is river, estuarine, and coastal waters. Some physical and chemical parameters were also taken, i.e temperature, dissolve oxygen (DO), pH, brightness, turbidity and salinity. The laboratory tests included preparing the media, insulation the bacteria, screening the coprostanol degrading bacteria by specific indicator media, testing the growth of Coprostanol Degrading Bacteria and identifying coprostanol degrading bacteria. As much as 234 out of 359 isolates tested were found capable of degrading coprostanol. A further screening on 18 best isolates established five genera of such specific degradability; they are Achromobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Branhamella sp., Neisseria sp., and Pseudomonas sp., of those, three genera i.e. Achromobacter sp., Branhamella sp., and Neisseria sp. were never been reported for their ability in degrading coprostanol. Key words : Coprostanol, Domestic Waste, Pollution Indicator, Isolation, Identification, Degradation of Bacteria