FUNGSI DAN PERANAN MAMAK KEPALA WARIS TERHADAP KELANGSUNGAN HARTA PUSAKA TINGGI PADA KAUM CANIAGO SUPANJANG ARO DINAGARI SOLOK PROPINSI SUMATERA BARAT ( THE ROLE OF UNCLE AS THE HEAD HEIR FOR CONTIUNITY OF HEIGH FIEHtTAGE IN CANIAGO CLAN IN SUPANJANG ARO SOLOK, WEST SUMATERA)

Abstract

The oldest brother from the mother in Supanjang Aro Solok has the big responsibility in one clan. His responsibility is not only for the family (nephew and nieces) but also for the welfare and heirlooms he is also the head heir in heirlooms. The high heritage of the clan especially for the land heritage has the high position. The land heritage cant be pawned and sold, but there are three requirements if the land heritage will be pawned. Number one if there is an adult girl is not married yet, number two if there is something wrong Rumah Gadang (Traditional House) number three if there is corps in the house. The role of uncle as the head heir for the Clan Caniago Supanjang Aro is very important especially for the high heritage but now everything is changed, maybe because of effect of technology or era. Base of the text above the write is very interested in analyzing about this problem and also far the role of uncle in Aro Solok can be seen? The writer will try to analyze by having research with the law sociology method and also by direct interviewing with the object research such as the uncle as the head heir. From the result of the research we can get the conclusion that the role of uncle as the head heir in Supanjang Aro Solok decreased. But the role of uncle as the guiding in heritage still cannot be changed by other elements in society. Be side that the role of Sumando (brother in law) more dominant because of the heaver material responsibility to his wife and family will make that role of uncle decreased expect the heirlooms. Mamak kepala waris adalah laki-laki tertua dari saudara Ibu didalam suatu kaum, dia bertanggung jawab terhadap keutuhan kaum juga bertanggung jawab dalam mengawasi dan menjaga harta pusaka kaum balk kedalam atau keluar kaum. Dan ketentuan terserbut dapat dilihat mamak kepala waris harus berusaha menalihara harta pusaka tinggi kaum jangan sampai terjual atau berpindah tangan kepada orang lain. Fungsi dan peranan mamak kepala waris pada Icaum Caniago Supanjang Aro terhadap hada pusaka tinggi kaumnya sangat penting dan berperan sekali dulunya, tetapi pada kenyataan ini telah terjadi pergeseran peranan mamak kepala waris terhadap pengawasan harta pusaka kaum. Berdasarkan masalah inilah penults sangat merasa tertarik untuk membahas seberapa jauh pergeseran itu terjadi dan faktor-faktor apa yang menyebabkan pergeseran fungsi dan mamak kepalan waris pada kaum caniago supanjang aro dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yang bersifat yuridis sosiologis dan mengadakan wawancara langsung degan obyek yang ditcliti maupun dengan marnak kepala warts selaku pengawas hada pusaka tinggi kaum. Dad basil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa fungst mamak kepala waris terhadap kelangsungan harta pusaka tinggi kautn Caniago Supanjang Aro, namun peranan terhadap pembinan harta tetap tidak dapat diganti oleh unsur lain di dalam masyarakat. Di sisi lain peran Sumando menjadi lebih dominan akibat semakin besar tanggung jawab materil terhadap anak dan istri sehingga kewibawaan mamak mutat berkurang kecuali yang bersifat waris.